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Cognitive Bias and Diagnostic Errors among Physicians in Japan: A Self-Reflection Survey

This cross-sectional study aimed to clarify how cognitive biases and situational factors related to diagnostic errors among physicians. A self-reflection questionnaire survey on physicians’ most memorable diagnostic error cases was conducted at seven conferences: one each in Okayama, Hiroshima, Mats...

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Autores principales: Watari, Takashi, Tokuda, Yasuharu, Amano, Yu, Onigata, Kazumichi, Kanda, Hideyuki
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9032995/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35457511
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084645
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author Watari, Takashi
Tokuda, Yasuharu
Amano, Yu
Onigata, Kazumichi
Kanda, Hideyuki
author_facet Watari, Takashi
Tokuda, Yasuharu
Amano, Yu
Onigata, Kazumichi
Kanda, Hideyuki
author_sort Watari, Takashi
collection PubMed
description This cross-sectional study aimed to clarify how cognitive biases and situational factors related to diagnostic errors among physicians. A self-reflection questionnaire survey on physicians’ most memorable diagnostic error cases was conducted at seven conferences: one each in Okayama, Hiroshima, Matsue, Izumo City, and Osaka, and two in Tokyo. Among the 147 recruited participants, 130 completed and returned the questionnaires. We recruited primary care physicians working in various specialty areas and settings (e.g., clinics and hospitals). Results indicated that the emergency department was the most common setting (47.7%), and the highest frequency of errors occurred during night-time work. An average of 3.08 cognitive biases was attributed to each error. The participants reported anchoring bias (60.0%), premature closure (58.5%), availability bias (46.2%), and hassle bias (33.1%), with the first three being most frequent. Further, multivariate logistic regression analysis for cognitive bias showed that emergency room care can easily induce cognitive bias (adjusted odds ratio 3.96, 95% CI 1.16−13.6, p-value = 0.028). Although limited to a certain extent by its sample collection, due to the sensitive nature of information regarding physicians’ diagnostic errors, this study nonetheless shows correlations with environmental factors (emergency room care situations) that induce cognitive biases which, in turn, cause diagnostic errors.
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spelling pubmed-90329952022-04-23 Cognitive Bias and Diagnostic Errors among Physicians in Japan: A Self-Reflection Survey Watari, Takashi Tokuda, Yasuharu Amano, Yu Onigata, Kazumichi Kanda, Hideyuki Int J Environ Res Public Health Article This cross-sectional study aimed to clarify how cognitive biases and situational factors related to diagnostic errors among physicians. A self-reflection questionnaire survey on physicians’ most memorable diagnostic error cases was conducted at seven conferences: one each in Okayama, Hiroshima, Matsue, Izumo City, and Osaka, and two in Tokyo. Among the 147 recruited participants, 130 completed and returned the questionnaires. We recruited primary care physicians working in various specialty areas and settings (e.g., clinics and hospitals). Results indicated that the emergency department was the most common setting (47.7%), and the highest frequency of errors occurred during night-time work. An average of 3.08 cognitive biases was attributed to each error. The participants reported anchoring bias (60.0%), premature closure (58.5%), availability bias (46.2%), and hassle bias (33.1%), with the first three being most frequent. Further, multivariate logistic regression analysis for cognitive bias showed that emergency room care can easily induce cognitive bias (adjusted odds ratio 3.96, 95% CI 1.16−13.6, p-value = 0.028). Although limited to a certain extent by its sample collection, due to the sensitive nature of information regarding physicians’ diagnostic errors, this study nonetheless shows correlations with environmental factors (emergency room care situations) that induce cognitive biases which, in turn, cause diagnostic errors. MDPI 2022-04-12 /pmc/articles/PMC9032995/ /pubmed/35457511 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084645 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Watari, Takashi
Tokuda, Yasuharu
Amano, Yu
Onigata, Kazumichi
Kanda, Hideyuki
Cognitive Bias and Diagnostic Errors among Physicians in Japan: A Self-Reflection Survey
title Cognitive Bias and Diagnostic Errors among Physicians in Japan: A Self-Reflection Survey
title_full Cognitive Bias and Diagnostic Errors among Physicians in Japan: A Self-Reflection Survey
title_fullStr Cognitive Bias and Diagnostic Errors among Physicians in Japan: A Self-Reflection Survey
title_full_unstemmed Cognitive Bias and Diagnostic Errors among Physicians in Japan: A Self-Reflection Survey
title_short Cognitive Bias and Diagnostic Errors among Physicians in Japan: A Self-Reflection Survey
title_sort cognitive bias and diagnostic errors among physicians in japan: a self-reflection survey
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9032995/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35457511
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084645
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