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A short review of vapour droplet dispersion models used in CFD to study the airborne spread of COVID19

The use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate the spread of COVID19 and many other airborne diseases, especially in an indoor environment needs accurate understanding of dispersion models. Modelling the transport/dispersion of vapour droplets within the atmosphere is a complex problem, a...

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Autores principales: Mehade Hussain, Syed, Goel, Saurav, Kadapa, Chennakesava, Aristodemou, Elsa
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier Ltd. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9035368/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35495177
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.03.724
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author Mehade Hussain, Syed
Goel, Saurav
Kadapa, Chennakesava
Aristodemou, Elsa
author_facet Mehade Hussain, Syed
Goel, Saurav
Kadapa, Chennakesava
Aristodemou, Elsa
author_sort Mehade Hussain, Syed
collection PubMed
description The use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate the spread of COVID19 and many other airborne diseases, especially in an indoor environment needs accurate understanding of dispersion models. Modelling the transport/dispersion of vapour droplets within the atmosphere is a complex problem, as it involves the motion of more than one phase, as well as the interphase interactions between the phases. This paper reviews the current canon of research on dispersion modelling of vapour droplets by looking at three specific aspects: (i) physical definition/specification of the initial droplet size distribution; (ii) physics of evaporation/condensation models and (iii) transport equations (with molecular/turbulent dispersion models) to describe the movement of the vapour droplets as they propagate through the air. This review found that the state of modelling implements a wide range of models which shows variances in results thus leading to a state where it is difficult to know which model is most accurate. The authors suggest that further studies in this direction should focus on developing a principle set of equations by benchmarking the previously developed models to establish model uncertainty of the previously developed models with reference to a fixed theoretical model and be compared under identical conditions. However, it must be noted that due to the complex nature of microdroplet evaporation and dispersion coupled with the unpredictable way droplet size distributions are produced, current experimental methodologies that are available to validate such simulations, such as particle image velocimetry, are still not robust enough to provide detailed data to verify minute aspects of the simulations.
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spelling pubmed-90353682022-04-25 A short review of vapour droplet dispersion models used in CFD to study the airborne spread of COVID19 Mehade Hussain, Syed Goel, Saurav Kadapa, Chennakesava Aristodemou, Elsa Mater Today Proc Article The use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate the spread of COVID19 and many other airborne diseases, especially in an indoor environment needs accurate understanding of dispersion models. Modelling the transport/dispersion of vapour droplets within the atmosphere is a complex problem, as it involves the motion of more than one phase, as well as the interphase interactions between the phases. This paper reviews the current canon of research on dispersion modelling of vapour droplets by looking at three specific aspects: (i) physical definition/specification of the initial droplet size distribution; (ii) physics of evaporation/condensation models and (iii) transport equations (with molecular/turbulent dispersion models) to describe the movement of the vapour droplets as they propagate through the air. This review found that the state of modelling implements a wide range of models which shows variances in results thus leading to a state where it is difficult to know which model is most accurate. The authors suggest that further studies in this direction should focus on developing a principle set of equations by benchmarking the previously developed models to establish model uncertainty of the previously developed models with reference to a fixed theoretical model and be compared under identical conditions. However, it must be noted that due to the complex nature of microdroplet evaporation and dispersion coupled with the unpredictable way droplet size distributions are produced, current experimental methodologies that are available to validate such simulations, such as particle image velocimetry, are still not robust enough to provide detailed data to verify minute aspects of the simulations. Elsevier Ltd. 2022 2022-04-25 /pmc/articles/PMC9035368/ /pubmed/35495177 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.03.724 Text en Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Innovative Technologies in Mechanical Engineering-2021. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Article
Mehade Hussain, Syed
Goel, Saurav
Kadapa, Chennakesava
Aristodemou, Elsa
A short review of vapour droplet dispersion models used in CFD to study the airborne spread of COVID19
title A short review of vapour droplet dispersion models used in CFD to study the airborne spread of COVID19
title_full A short review of vapour droplet dispersion models used in CFD to study the airborne spread of COVID19
title_fullStr A short review of vapour droplet dispersion models used in CFD to study the airborne spread of COVID19
title_full_unstemmed A short review of vapour droplet dispersion models used in CFD to study the airborne spread of COVID19
title_short A short review of vapour droplet dispersion models used in CFD to study the airborne spread of COVID19
title_sort short review of vapour droplet dispersion models used in cfd to study the airborne spread of covid19
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9035368/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35495177
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.03.724
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