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Chronic Activation of LXRα Sensitizes Mice to Hepatocellular Carcinoma

The oxysterol receptor liver X receptor (LXR) is a nuclear receptor best known for its function in the regulation of lipid and cholesterol metabolism. LXRs, both the α and β isoforms, have been suggested as potential therapeutic targets for several cancer types. However, there was a lack of report o...

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Autores principales: Xie, Yang, Sun, Runzi, Gao, Li, Guan, Jibin, Wang, Jingyuan, Bell, Aaron, Zhu, Junjie, Zhang, Min, Xu, Meishu, Lu, Peipei, Cai, Xinran, Ren, Songrong, Xu, Pengfei, Monga, Satdarshan P., Ma, Xiaochao, Yang, Da, Liu, Yulan, Lu, Binfeng, Xie, Wen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9035576/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34981658
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep4.1880
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author Xie, Yang
Sun, Runzi
Gao, Li
Guan, Jibin
Wang, Jingyuan
Bell, Aaron
Zhu, Junjie
Zhang, Min
Xu, Meishu
Lu, Peipei
Cai, Xinran
Ren, Songrong
Xu, Pengfei
Monga, Satdarshan P.
Ma, Xiaochao
Yang, Da
Liu, Yulan
Lu, Binfeng
Xie, Wen
author_facet Xie, Yang
Sun, Runzi
Gao, Li
Guan, Jibin
Wang, Jingyuan
Bell, Aaron
Zhu, Junjie
Zhang, Min
Xu, Meishu
Lu, Peipei
Cai, Xinran
Ren, Songrong
Xu, Pengfei
Monga, Satdarshan P.
Ma, Xiaochao
Yang, Da
Liu, Yulan
Lu, Binfeng
Xie, Wen
author_sort Xie, Yang
collection PubMed
description The oxysterol receptor liver X receptor (LXR) is a nuclear receptor best known for its function in the regulation of lipid and cholesterol metabolism. LXRs, both the α and β isoforms, have been suggested as potential therapeutic targets for several cancer types. However, there was a lack of report on whether and how LXRα plays a role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the current study, we found that systemic activation of LXRα in the VP‐LXRα knock‐in (LXRαKI) mice or hepatocyte‐specific activation of LXRα in the VP‐LXRα transgenic mice sensitized mice to liver tumorigenesis induced by the combined treatment of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and 3,3',5,5'‐tetrachloro‐1,4‐bis (pyridyloxy) benzene (TCPOBOP). Mechanistically, the LXRα‐responsive up‐regulation of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway and the complement system, and down‐regulation of bile acid metabolism, may have contributed to increased tumorigenesis. Accumulations of secondary bile acids and oxysterols were found in both the serum and liver tissue of LXRα activated mice. We also observed an induction of monocytic myeloid–derived suppressor cells accompanied by down‐regulation of dendritic cells and cytotoxic T cells in DEN/TCPOBOP‐induced liver tumors, indicating that chronic activation of LXRα may have led to the activation of innate immune suppression. The HCC sensitizing effect of LXRα activation was also observed in the c‐MYC driven HCC model. Conclusion: Our results indicated that chronic activation of LXRα promotes HCC, at least in part, by promoting innate immune suppressor as a result of accumulation of oxysterols, as well as up‐regulation of the IL‐6/Janus kinase/STAT3 signaling and complement pathways.
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spelling pubmed-90355762022-04-27 Chronic Activation of LXRα Sensitizes Mice to Hepatocellular Carcinoma Xie, Yang Sun, Runzi Gao, Li Guan, Jibin Wang, Jingyuan Bell, Aaron Zhu, Junjie Zhang, Min Xu, Meishu Lu, Peipei Cai, Xinran Ren, Songrong Xu, Pengfei Monga, Satdarshan P. Ma, Xiaochao Yang, Da Liu, Yulan Lu, Binfeng Xie, Wen Hepatol Commun Original Articles The oxysterol receptor liver X receptor (LXR) is a nuclear receptor best known for its function in the regulation of lipid and cholesterol metabolism. LXRs, both the α and β isoforms, have been suggested as potential therapeutic targets for several cancer types. However, there was a lack of report on whether and how LXRα plays a role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the current study, we found that systemic activation of LXRα in the VP‐LXRα knock‐in (LXRαKI) mice or hepatocyte‐specific activation of LXRα in the VP‐LXRα transgenic mice sensitized mice to liver tumorigenesis induced by the combined treatment of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and 3,3',5,5'‐tetrachloro‐1,4‐bis (pyridyloxy) benzene (TCPOBOP). Mechanistically, the LXRα‐responsive up‐regulation of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway and the complement system, and down‐regulation of bile acid metabolism, may have contributed to increased tumorigenesis. Accumulations of secondary bile acids and oxysterols were found in both the serum and liver tissue of LXRα activated mice. We also observed an induction of monocytic myeloid–derived suppressor cells accompanied by down‐regulation of dendritic cells and cytotoxic T cells in DEN/TCPOBOP‐induced liver tumors, indicating that chronic activation of LXRα may have led to the activation of innate immune suppression. The HCC sensitizing effect of LXRα activation was also observed in the c‐MYC driven HCC model. Conclusion: Our results indicated that chronic activation of LXRα promotes HCC, at least in part, by promoting innate immune suppressor as a result of accumulation of oxysterols, as well as up‐regulation of the IL‐6/Janus kinase/STAT3 signaling and complement pathways. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-01-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9035576/ /pubmed/34981658 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep4.1880 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Hepatology Communications published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc., on behalf of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
spellingShingle Original Articles
Xie, Yang
Sun, Runzi
Gao, Li
Guan, Jibin
Wang, Jingyuan
Bell, Aaron
Zhu, Junjie
Zhang, Min
Xu, Meishu
Lu, Peipei
Cai, Xinran
Ren, Songrong
Xu, Pengfei
Monga, Satdarshan P.
Ma, Xiaochao
Yang, Da
Liu, Yulan
Lu, Binfeng
Xie, Wen
Chronic Activation of LXRα Sensitizes Mice to Hepatocellular Carcinoma
title Chronic Activation of LXRα Sensitizes Mice to Hepatocellular Carcinoma
title_full Chronic Activation of LXRα Sensitizes Mice to Hepatocellular Carcinoma
title_fullStr Chronic Activation of LXRα Sensitizes Mice to Hepatocellular Carcinoma
title_full_unstemmed Chronic Activation of LXRα Sensitizes Mice to Hepatocellular Carcinoma
title_short Chronic Activation of LXRα Sensitizes Mice to Hepatocellular Carcinoma
title_sort chronic activation of lxrα sensitizes mice to hepatocellular carcinoma
topic Original Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9035576/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34981658
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep4.1880
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