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SARS-CoV-2 transmission potential and rural-urban disease burden disparities across Alabama, Louisiana, and Mississippi, March 2020 — May 2021

PURPOSE: To quantify and compare SARS-CoV-2 transmission potential across Alabama, Louisiana, and Mississippi and selected counties. METHODS: To determine the time-varying reproduction number R(t) of SARS-CoV-2, we applied the R package EpiEstim to the time series of daily incidence of confirmed cas...

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Autores principales: Ofori, Sylvia K., Ogwara, Chigozie A., Kwon, Seoyon, Hua, Xinyi, Martin, Kamryn M., Mallhi, Arshpreet Kaur, Twum, Felix, Chowell, Gerardo, Fung, Isaac C.-H.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9035618/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35472488
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2022.04.006
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author Ofori, Sylvia K.
Ogwara, Chigozie A.
Kwon, Seoyon
Hua, Xinyi
Martin, Kamryn M.
Mallhi, Arshpreet Kaur
Twum, Felix
Chowell, Gerardo
Fung, Isaac C.-H.
author_facet Ofori, Sylvia K.
Ogwara, Chigozie A.
Kwon, Seoyon
Hua, Xinyi
Martin, Kamryn M.
Mallhi, Arshpreet Kaur
Twum, Felix
Chowell, Gerardo
Fung, Isaac C.-H.
author_sort Ofori, Sylvia K.
collection PubMed
description PURPOSE: To quantify and compare SARS-CoV-2 transmission potential across Alabama, Louisiana, and Mississippi and selected counties. METHODS: To determine the time-varying reproduction number R(t) of SARS-CoV-2, we applied the R package EpiEstim to the time series of daily incidence of confirmed cases (mid-March 2020 — May 17, 2021) shifted backward by 9 days. Median R(t) percentage change when policies changed was determined. Linear regression was performed between log(10)-transformed cumulative incidence and log(10)-transformed population size at four time points. RESULTS: Stay-at-home orders, face mask mandates, and vaccinations were associated with the most significant reductions in SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the three southern states. R(t) across the three states decreased significantly by ≥20% following stay-at-home orders. We observed varying degrees of reductions in R(t) across states following other policies. Rural Alabama counties experienced higher per capita cumulative cases relative to urban ones as of June 17 and October 17, 2020. Meanwhile, Louisiana and Mississippi saw the disproportionate impact of SARS-CoV-2 in rural counties compared to urban ones throughout the study period. CONCLUSION: State and county policies had an impact on local pandemic trajectories. The rural-urban disparities in case burden call for evidence-based approaches in tailoring health promotion interventions and vaccination campaigns to rural residents.
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spelling pubmed-90356182022-04-25 SARS-CoV-2 transmission potential and rural-urban disease burden disparities across Alabama, Louisiana, and Mississippi, March 2020 — May 2021 Ofori, Sylvia K. Ogwara, Chigozie A. Kwon, Seoyon Hua, Xinyi Martin, Kamryn M. Mallhi, Arshpreet Kaur Twum, Felix Chowell, Gerardo Fung, Isaac C.-H. Ann Epidemiol Original Article PURPOSE: To quantify and compare SARS-CoV-2 transmission potential across Alabama, Louisiana, and Mississippi and selected counties. METHODS: To determine the time-varying reproduction number R(t) of SARS-CoV-2, we applied the R package EpiEstim to the time series of daily incidence of confirmed cases (mid-March 2020 — May 17, 2021) shifted backward by 9 days. Median R(t) percentage change when policies changed was determined. Linear regression was performed between log(10)-transformed cumulative incidence and log(10)-transformed population size at four time points. RESULTS: Stay-at-home orders, face mask mandates, and vaccinations were associated with the most significant reductions in SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the three southern states. R(t) across the three states decreased significantly by ≥20% following stay-at-home orders. We observed varying degrees of reductions in R(t) across states following other policies. Rural Alabama counties experienced higher per capita cumulative cases relative to urban ones as of June 17 and October 17, 2020. Meanwhile, Louisiana and Mississippi saw the disproportionate impact of SARS-CoV-2 in rural counties compared to urban ones throughout the study period. CONCLUSION: State and county policies had an impact on local pandemic trajectories. The rural-urban disparities in case burden call for evidence-based approaches in tailoring health promotion interventions and vaccination campaigns to rural residents. Elsevier Inc. 2022-07 2022-04-25 /pmc/articles/PMC9035618/ /pubmed/35472488 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2022.04.006 Text en © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Original Article
Ofori, Sylvia K.
Ogwara, Chigozie A.
Kwon, Seoyon
Hua, Xinyi
Martin, Kamryn M.
Mallhi, Arshpreet Kaur
Twum, Felix
Chowell, Gerardo
Fung, Isaac C.-H.
SARS-CoV-2 transmission potential and rural-urban disease burden disparities across Alabama, Louisiana, and Mississippi, March 2020 — May 2021
title SARS-CoV-2 transmission potential and rural-urban disease burden disparities across Alabama, Louisiana, and Mississippi, March 2020 — May 2021
title_full SARS-CoV-2 transmission potential and rural-urban disease burden disparities across Alabama, Louisiana, and Mississippi, March 2020 — May 2021
title_fullStr SARS-CoV-2 transmission potential and rural-urban disease burden disparities across Alabama, Louisiana, and Mississippi, March 2020 — May 2021
title_full_unstemmed SARS-CoV-2 transmission potential and rural-urban disease burden disparities across Alabama, Louisiana, and Mississippi, March 2020 — May 2021
title_short SARS-CoV-2 transmission potential and rural-urban disease burden disparities across Alabama, Louisiana, and Mississippi, March 2020 — May 2021
title_sort sars-cov-2 transmission potential and rural-urban disease burden disparities across alabama, louisiana, and mississippi, march 2020 — may 2021
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9035618/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35472488
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2022.04.006
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