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Midazolam Attenuates Esketamine-Induced Overactive Behaviors in Mice Before the Sedation, but Not During the Recovery
Esketamine showed more potency, more rapid recovery from anesthesia, and less psychotomimetic side effects when compared with ketamine. However, the patients still experience psychotomimetic side effects of esketamine. In order to investigate whether midazolam can attenuate the esketamine-induced ov...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9036091/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35478599 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.829747 |
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author | Chu, Qinjun Mao, Meng Bai, Yafan Sun, Liwei Zhang, Dongqing Zheng, Ping Jin, Xiaogao |
author_facet | Chu, Qinjun Mao, Meng Bai, Yafan Sun, Liwei Zhang, Dongqing Zheng, Ping Jin, Xiaogao |
author_sort | Chu, Qinjun |
collection | PubMed |
description | Esketamine showed more potency, more rapid recovery from anesthesia, and less psychotomimetic side effects when compared with ketamine. However, the patients still experience psychotomimetic side effects of esketamine. In order to investigate whether midazolam can attenuate the esketamine-induced overactive behaviors and neuronal hyperactivities, midazolam 0, 40, 80, and 120 mg/kg combined with esketamine 50 mg/kg were administrated on Kunming mice to assess the behaviors changes during anesthesia. The indicators, including action time, duration of agitation before the sedation, duration of sedation, duration of loss of pedal withdrawal reaction (PWR), duration of loss of righting reaction (RR), duration of agitation during the recovery, and recovery time, were monitored for up to 3–4 h after intraperitoneal administration. The results demonstrated that midazolam 40, 80, and 120 mg/kg efficiently decreased the esketamine-induced overactive behaviors including ataxia, excitation, and catalepsy before sedation. Midazolam and esketamine synergically improved the anesthesia quality assessed by PWR and RR. However, even high doses of midazolam were not able to suppress the esketamine-induced psychotomimetic effects during the recovery. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9036091 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90360912022-04-26 Midazolam Attenuates Esketamine-Induced Overactive Behaviors in Mice Before the Sedation, but Not During the Recovery Chu, Qinjun Mao, Meng Bai, Yafan Sun, Liwei Zhang, Dongqing Zheng, Ping Jin, Xiaogao Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science Esketamine showed more potency, more rapid recovery from anesthesia, and less psychotomimetic side effects when compared with ketamine. However, the patients still experience psychotomimetic side effects of esketamine. In order to investigate whether midazolam can attenuate the esketamine-induced overactive behaviors and neuronal hyperactivities, midazolam 0, 40, 80, and 120 mg/kg combined with esketamine 50 mg/kg were administrated on Kunming mice to assess the behaviors changes during anesthesia. The indicators, including action time, duration of agitation before the sedation, duration of sedation, duration of loss of pedal withdrawal reaction (PWR), duration of loss of righting reaction (RR), duration of agitation during the recovery, and recovery time, were monitored for up to 3–4 h after intraperitoneal administration. The results demonstrated that midazolam 40, 80, and 120 mg/kg efficiently decreased the esketamine-induced overactive behaviors including ataxia, excitation, and catalepsy before sedation. Midazolam and esketamine synergically improved the anesthesia quality assessed by PWR and RR. However, even high doses of midazolam were not able to suppress the esketamine-induced psychotomimetic effects during the recovery. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-04-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9036091/ /pubmed/35478599 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.829747 Text en Copyright © 2022 Chu, Mao, Bai, Sun, Zhang, Zheng and Jin. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Veterinary Science Chu, Qinjun Mao, Meng Bai, Yafan Sun, Liwei Zhang, Dongqing Zheng, Ping Jin, Xiaogao Midazolam Attenuates Esketamine-Induced Overactive Behaviors in Mice Before the Sedation, but Not During the Recovery |
title | Midazolam Attenuates Esketamine-Induced Overactive Behaviors in Mice Before the Sedation, but Not During the Recovery |
title_full | Midazolam Attenuates Esketamine-Induced Overactive Behaviors in Mice Before the Sedation, but Not During the Recovery |
title_fullStr | Midazolam Attenuates Esketamine-Induced Overactive Behaviors in Mice Before the Sedation, but Not During the Recovery |
title_full_unstemmed | Midazolam Attenuates Esketamine-Induced Overactive Behaviors in Mice Before the Sedation, but Not During the Recovery |
title_short | Midazolam Attenuates Esketamine-Induced Overactive Behaviors in Mice Before the Sedation, but Not During the Recovery |
title_sort | midazolam attenuates esketamine-induced overactive behaviors in mice before the sedation, but not during the recovery |
topic | Veterinary Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9036091/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35478599 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.829747 |
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