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Membrane Hormone Receptors and Their Signaling Pathways as Targets for Endocrine Disruptors
The endocrine disruptors are mostly small organic molecules developed for numerous and very diverse industrial applications. They essentially act through nuclear receptors with small and hydrophobic endogenous ligands. Nevertheless, potential adverse effects through membrane hormone receptors cannot...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9036253/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35466213 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jox12020007 |
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author | Combarnous, Yves Nguyen, Thi Mong Diep |
author_facet | Combarnous, Yves Nguyen, Thi Mong Diep |
author_sort | Combarnous, Yves |
collection | PubMed |
description | The endocrine disruptors are mostly small organic molecules developed for numerous and very diverse industrial applications. They essentially act through nuclear receptors with small and hydrophobic endogenous ligands. Nevertheless, potential adverse effects through membrane hormone receptors cannot be ruled out, and have indeed been observed. The present paper reviews how orthosteric and allosteric binding sites of the different families of membrane receptors can be targets for man-made hydrophobic molecules (components of plastics, paints, flame retardants, herbicides, pesticides, etc.). We also review potential target proteins for such small hydrophobic molecules downstream of membrane receptors at the level of their intracellular signaling pathways. From the currently available information, although endocrine disruptors primarily affect nuclear receptors’ signaling, membrane receptors for hormones, cytokines, neuro-mediators, and growth factors can be affected as well and deserve attention. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9036253 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90362532022-04-26 Membrane Hormone Receptors and Their Signaling Pathways as Targets for Endocrine Disruptors Combarnous, Yves Nguyen, Thi Mong Diep J Xenobiot Review The endocrine disruptors are mostly small organic molecules developed for numerous and very diverse industrial applications. They essentially act through nuclear receptors with small and hydrophobic endogenous ligands. Nevertheless, potential adverse effects through membrane hormone receptors cannot be ruled out, and have indeed been observed. The present paper reviews how orthosteric and allosteric binding sites of the different families of membrane receptors can be targets for man-made hydrophobic molecules (components of plastics, paints, flame retardants, herbicides, pesticides, etc.). We also review potential target proteins for such small hydrophobic molecules downstream of membrane receptors at the level of their intracellular signaling pathways. From the currently available information, although endocrine disruptors primarily affect nuclear receptors’ signaling, membrane receptors for hormones, cytokines, neuro-mediators, and growth factors can be affected as well and deserve attention. MDPI 2022-03-25 /pmc/articles/PMC9036253/ /pubmed/35466213 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jox12020007 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Combarnous, Yves Nguyen, Thi Mong Diep Membrane Hormone Receptors and Their Signaling Pathways as Targets for Endocrine Disruptors |
title | Membrane Hormone Receptors and Their Signaling Pathways as Targets for Endocrine Disruptors |
title_full | Membrane Hormone Receptors and Their Signaling Pathways as Targets for Endocrine Disruptors |
title_fullStr | Membrane Hormone Receptors and Their Signaling Pathways as Targets for Endocrine Disruptors |
title_full_unstemmed | Membrane Hormone Receptors and Their Signaling Pathways as Targets for Endocrine Disruptors |
title_short | Membrane Hormone Receptors and Their Signaling Pathways as Targets for Endocrine Disruptors |
title_sort | membrane hormone receptors and their signaling pathways as targets for endocrine disruptors |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9036253/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35466213 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jox12020007 |
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