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Time spent in outdoor light is associated with the risk of dementia: a prospective cohort study of 362094 participants

BACKGROUND: Data on the association between free-living daytime sunlight exposure and incident dementia are scarce. The objective is to evaluate whether the time spent in outdoor light is related to the dementia risk and to investigate whether the optimal duration varies with clinical parameters. ME...

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Autores principales: Ma, Ling-Zhi, Ma, Ya-Hui, Ou, Ya-Nan, Chen, Shi-Dong, Yang, Liu, Dong, Qiang, Cheng, Wei, Tan, Lan, Yu, Jin-Tai
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9036798/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35462547
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12916-022-02331-2
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author Ma, Ling-Zhi
Ma, Ya-Hui
Ou, Ya-Nan
Chen, Shi-Dong
Yang, Liu
Dong, Qiang
Cheng, Wei
Tan, Lan
Yu, Jin-Tai
author_facet Ma, Ling-Zhi
Ma, Ya-Hui
Ou, Ya-Nan
Chen, Shi-Dong
Yang, Liu
Dong, Qiang
Cheng, Wei
Tan, Lan
Yu, Jin-Tai
author_sort Ma, Ling-Zhi
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Data on the association between free-living daytime sunlight exposure and incident dementia are scarce. The objective is to evaluate whether the time spent in outdoor light is related to the dementia risk and to investigate whether the optimal duration varies with clinical parameters. METHODS: Data were from a prospective cohort of 362,094 UK Biobank participants. A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate how many hours the participants spent outdoors on typical summer and winter days. A restricted cubic spline (RCS) was performed to explore the potential nonlinear relationship between sunlight exposure and the risk of dementia. We used multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) for the associations between sunlight exposure and dementia outcomes, with the change points as a reference. RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 9.0 years, 4149 (1.15%) individuals were diagnosed with dementia. RCS showed a J-shaped relationship between time spent in outdoor light and the dementia risk, with the lowest risk at three change points (1.5 h/day on average, 2 h/day in summer, and 1 h/day in winter). Cox hazard regression models showed a marked increase in risk at low exposure (HR=1.287, 95%CI 1.094–1.515) but a relatively slow increase at higher exposure (HR=1.070, 95%CI 1.031–1.10). Results are more pronounced among participants over 60 years old, females, and those with exactly 7 h of sleep every night. CONCLUSIONS: Sunlight exposure had a J-shaped association with dementia risk. Giving detailed guidance on sunlight exposure can effectively prevent dementia. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12916-022-02331-2.
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spelling pubmed-90367982022-04-26 Time spent in outdoor light is associated with the risk of dementia: a prospective cohort study of 362094 participants Ma, Ling-Zhi Ma, Ya-Hui Ou, Ya-Nan Chen, Shi-Dong Yang, Liu Dong, Qiang Cheng, Wei Tan, Lan Yu, Jin-Tai BMC Med Research Article BACKGROUND: Data on the association between free-living daytime sunlight exposure and incident dementia are scarce. The objective is to evaluate whether the time spent in outdoor light is related to the dementia risk and to investigate whether the optimal duration varies with clinical parameters. METHODS: Data were from a prospective cohort of 362,094 UK Biobank participants. A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate how many hours the participants spent outdoors on typical summer and winter days. A restricted cubic spline (RCS) was performed to explore the potential nonlinear relationship between sunlight exposure and the risk of dementia. We used multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) for the associations between sunlight exposure and dementia outcomes, with the change points as a reference. RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 9.0 years, 4149 (1.15%) individuals were diagnosed with dementia. RCS showed a J-shaped relationship between time spent in outdoor light and the dementia risk, with the lowest risk at three change points (1.5 h/day on average, 2 h/day in summer, and 1 h/day in winter). Cox hazard regression models showed a marked increase in risk at low exposure (HR=1.287, 95%CI 1.094–1.515) but a relatively slow increase at higher exposure (HR=1.070, 95%CI 1.031–1.10). Results are more pronounced among participants over 60 years old, females, and those with exactly 7 h of sleep every night. CONCLUSIONS: Sunlight exposure had a J-shaped association with dementia risk. Giving detailed guidance on sunlight exposure can effectively prevent dementia. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12916-022-02331-2. BioMed Central 2022-04-25 /pmc/articles/PMC9036798/ /pubmed/35462547 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12916-022-02331-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research Article
Ma, Ling-Zhi
Ma, Ya-Hui
Ou, Ya-Nan
Chen, Shi-Dong
Yang, Liu
Dong, Qiang
Cheng, Wei
Tan, Lan
Yu, Jin-Tai
Time spent in outdoor light is associated with the risk of dementia: a prospective cohort study of 362094 participants
title Time spent in outdoor light is associated with the risk of dementia: a prospective cohort study of 362094 participants
title_full Time spent in outdoor light is associated with the risk of dementia: a prospective cohort study of 362094 participants
title_fullStr Time spent in outdoor light is associated with the risk of dementia: a prospective cohort study of 362094 participants
title_full_unstemmed Time spent in outdoor light is associated with the risk of dementia: a prospective cohort study of 362094 participants
title_short Time spent in outdoor light is associated with the risk of dementia: a prospective cohort study of 362094 participants
title_sort time spent in outdoor light is associated with the risk of dementia: a prospective cohort study of 362094 participants
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9036798/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35462547
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12916-022-02331-2
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