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Determinants of delayed tuberculosis treatment among patients in Selangor: A study protocol

The high prevalence rate and ever-increasing incidence of tuberculosis (TB) worldwide remain a significant issue in healthcare. In Malaysia, the incidence and mortality rate of TB is increasing due to the delayed presentation of TB patients to healthcare facilities. However, there is a lack of local...

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Autores principales: Makeswaran, Punitha, Shah, Shamsul Azhar, Safian, Nazarudin, Muhamad, Nor Asiah, Harith, Abdul Aziz
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9037902/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35468167
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266746
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author Makeswaran, Punitha
Shah, Shamsul Azhar
Safian, Nazarudin
Muhamad, Nor Asiah
Harith, Abdul Aziz
author_facet Makeswaran, Punitha
Shah, Shamsul Azhar
Safian, Nazarudin
Muhamad, Nor Asiah
Harith, Abdul Aziz
author_sort Makeswaran, Punitha
collection PubMed
description The high prevalence rate and ever-increasing incidence of tuberculosis (TB) worldwide remain a significant issue in healthcare. In Malaysia, the incidence and mortality rate of TB is increasing due to the delayed presentation of TB patients to healthcare facilities. However, there is a lack of local studies on the contributing factors of delayed presentation of TB patients in Malaysia. This study aims to establish a social epidemiology framework by analysing social factors including socio-epidemiological, socio-cultural, and health-seeking behaviours associated with the delay in seeking TB treatment among patients in Selangor, Malaysia. A sequential exploratory mixed-method study design that combines qualitative and quantitative research methods will be employed. This study will recruit adult patients who have been diagnosed with TB using chest X-ray and sputum smear microscopy. Four districts with the highest recorded cases in the state of Selangor will be selected as study locations. The qualitative study will involve a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) to explore six components, namely demographic, socio-cultural, health-seeking behaviours, social support and resources, previous knowledge and experience with illness, and treatment pathway. Meanwhile, the quantitative study will incorporate a structured survey that will be developed based on the themes identified in the qualitative phase and a review of several studies in the literature. Several quality control measures will be taken while ensuring that the survey questionnaires are anonymised and participants’ confidentiality is maintained. The data obtained from both qualitative and quantitative approaches will be combined to provide a more robust assessment of the study. Given that this study will focus on districts with high recorded cases of TB in Selangor, the findings might assist to address TB-related issues such as the increasing incidence and mortality rates, which are mainly attributed to the delayed presentation of TB patients to healthcare facilities.
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spelling pubmed-90379022022-04-26 Determinants of delayed tuberculosis treatment among patients in Selangor: A study protocol Makeswaran, Punitha Shah, Shamsul Azhar Safian, Nazarudin Muhamad, Nor Asiah Harith, Abdul Aziz PLoS One Study Protocol The high prevalence rate and ever-increasing incidence of tuberculosis (TB) worldwide remain a significant issue in healthcare. In Malaysia, the incidence and mortality rate of TB is increasing due to the delayed presentation of TB patients to healthcare facilities. However, there is a lack of local studies on the contributing factors of delayed presentation of TB patients in Malaysia. This study aims to establish a social epidemiology framework by analysing social factors including socio-epidemiological, socio-cultural, and health-seeking behaviours associated with the delay in seeking TB treatment among patients in Selangor, Malaysia. A sequential exploratory mixed-method study design that combines qualitative and quantitative research methods will be employed. This study will recruit adult patients who have been diagnosed with TB using chest X-ray and sputum smear microscopy. Four districts with the highest recorded cases in the state of Selangor will be selected as study locations. The qualitative study will involve a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) to explore six components, namely demographic, socio-cultural, health-seeking behaviours, social support and resources, previous knowledge and experience with illness, and treatment pathway. Meanwhile, the quantitative study will incorporate a structured survey that will be developed based on the themes identified in the qualitative phase and a review of several studies in the literature. Several quality control measures will be taken while ensuring that the survey questionnaires are anonymised and participants’ confidentiality is maintained. The data obtained from both qualitative and quantitative approaches will be combined to provide a more robust assessment of the study. Given that this study will focus on districts with high recorded cases of TB in Selangor, the findings might assist to address TB-related issues such as the increasing incidence and mortality rates, which are mainly attributed to the delayed presentation of TB patients to healthcare facilities. Public Library of Science 2022-04-25 /pmc/articles/PMC9037902/ /pubmed/35468167 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266746 Text en © 2022 Makeswaran et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Study Protocol
Makeswaran, Punitha
Shah, Shamsul Azhar
Safian, Nazarudin
Muhamad, Nor Asiah
Harith, Abdul Aziz
Determinants of delayed tuberculosis treatment among patients in Selangor: A study protocol
title Determinants of delayed tuberculosis treatment among patients in Selangor: A study protocol
title_full Determinants of delayed tuberculosis treatment among patients in Selangor: A study protocol
title_fullStr Determinants of delayed tuberculosis treatment among patients in Selangor: A study protocol
title_full_unstemmed Determinants of delayed tuberculosis treatment among patients in Selangor: A study protocol
title_short Determinants of delayed tuberculosis treatment among patients in Selangor: A study protocol
title_sort determinants of delayed tuberculosis treatment among patients in selangor: a study protocol
topic Study Protocol
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9037902/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35468167
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266746
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