Cargando…

A Griggs apparatus upgrade for stress-controlled testing of geological material at high temperature and pressure

The Griggs apparatus is a triaxial piston-cylinder instrument used in deformation experiments of geological material at temperatures up to 1200 °C and confining pressures up to 3 GPa. Currently, most Griggs apparatuses can carry out deformation experiments only at constant displacement rate. As a re...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Soleymani, Hamid, Kidder, Steven
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9041190/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35492033
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ohx.2021.e00172
_version_ 1784694494044618752
author Soleymani, Hamid
Kidder, Steven
author_facet Soleymani, Hamid
Kidder, Steven
author_sort Soleymani, Hamid
collection PubMed
description The Griggs apparatus is a triaxial piston-cylinder instrument used in deformation experiments of geological material at temperatures up to 1200 °C and confining pressures up to 3 GPa. Currently, most Griggs apparatuses can carry out deformation experiments only at constant displacement rate. As a result, few experimental studies have explored other geologically-relevant deformation scenarios. We present supplemental instrumentation and software that enables Griggs apparatus users to carry out deformation experiments at controlled differential stress conditions. The add-on instrument includes a feedback loop mechanism that regulates the imposed differential stress on the sample and a data acquisition system that allows for real-time display of mechanical data in units of stress and displacement. We demonstrate the application of this instrument through two deformation experiments at constant differential stress on (1) an aluminum cylinder at room temperature and (2) a quartz aggregate at 850 °C, both at ~1 GPa confining pressure. These experiments show that the instrument can reliably control the imposed differential stress on the sample throughout the deformation. Applications of the instrument can be extended beyond constant differential stress to more sophisticated stress paths (e.g., stress pulse, stress ramp) or to maintain true strain rates by accounting for anticipated geometrical changes in the sample during deformation.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9041190
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher Elsevier
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-90411902022-04-27 A Griggs apparatus upgrade for stress-controlled testing of geological material at high temperature and pressure Soleymani, Hamid Kidder, Steven HardwareX Hardware Article The Griggs apparatus is a triaxial piston-cylinder instrument used in deformation experiments of geological material at temperatures up to 1200 °C and confining pressures up to 3 GPa. Currently, most Griggs apparatuses can carry out deformation experiments only at constant displacement rate. As a result, few experimental studies have explored other geologically-relevant deformation scenarios. We present supplemental instrumentation and software that enables Griggs apparatus users to carry out deformation experiments at controlled differential stress conditions. The add-on instrument includes a feedback loop mechanism that regulates the imposed differential stress on the sample and a data acquisition system that allows for real-time display of mechanical data in units of stress and displacement. We demonstrate the application of this instrument through two deformation experiments at constant differential stress on (1) an aluminum cylinder at room temperature and (2) a quartz aggregate at 850 °C, both at ~1 GPa confining pressure. These experiments show that the instrument can reliably control the imposed differential stress on the sample throughout the deformation. Applications of the instrument can be extended beyond constant differential stress to more sophisticated stress paths (e.g., stress pulse, stress ramp) or to maintain true strain rates by accounting for anticipated geometrical changes in the sample during deformation. Elsevier 2021-01-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9041190/ /pubmed/35492033 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ohx.2021.e00172 Text en © 2021 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Hardware Article
Soleymani, Hamid
Kidder, Steven
A Griggs apparatus upgrade for stress-controlled testing of geological material at high temperature and pressure
title A Griggs apparatus upgrade for stress-controlled testing of geological material at high temperature and pressure
title_full A Griggs apparatus upgrade for stress-controlled testing of geological material at high temperature and pressure
title_fullStr A Griggs apparatus upgrade for stress-controlled testing of geological material at high temperature and pressure
title_full_unstemmed A Griggs apparatus upgrade for stress-controlled testing of geological material at high temperature and pressure
title_short A Griggs apparatus upgrade for stress-controlled testing of geological material at high temperature and pressure
title_sort griggs apparatus upgrade for stress-controlled testing of geological material at high temperature and pressure
topic Hardware Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9041190/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35492033
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ohx.2021.e00172
work_keys_str_mv AT soleymanihamid agriggsapparatusupgradeforstresscontrolledtestingofgeologicalmaterialathightemperatureandpressure
AT kiddersteven agriggsapparatusupgradeforstresscontrolledtestingofgeologicalmaterialathightemperatureandpressure
AT soleymanihamid griggsapparatusupgradeforstresscontrolledtestingofgeologicalmaterialathightemperatureandpressure
AT kiddersteven griggsapparatusupgradeforstresscontrolledtestingofgeologicalmaterialathightemperatureandpressure