Role of tribochemistry reactions of B(4)C on tribofilm growth at a PEEK–steel interface in simulated body fluids

Corrosion and wear products of metallic implants can lead to severe adverse tissue reactions. However, there is an absence of effective means to reduce the tribocorrosion of metal. The main purpose of this study is to reveal a mechanism of engineering a barrier layer on metal surfaces via adding functional particles into the polymer counterpart. B(4)C and BN particles were compounded into a polyetheretherketone (PEEK) matrix and their tribological performance of PEEK-based composites sliding against stainless steel was compared in simulated body fluid. Results demonstrate that the addition of B(4)C reduces significantly friction and wear. In particular, the addition of only 1 vol% B(4)C reduces wear of PEEK by up to 94.8%, and tribocorrosion of steel is also obviously mitigated. It is discovered that hydrolysis of B(4)C particles triggered by friction and deposition of Ca(2+) and phosphate ions dominate formation of the barrier layer at the friction interface. The barrier layer endows the PEEK–metal sliding pair simultaneously enhanced anti-wear and anti-corrosion performance.