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For the road: calibrated maternal investment in light of extracellular symbiont transmission
Faithful transmission of beneficial symbionts is critical for the persistence of mutualisms. Many insect groups rely on extracellular routes that require microbial symbionts to survive outside the host during transfer. However, given a prolonged aposymbiotic phase in offspring, how do mothers mitiga...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Royal Society
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9043728/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35473381 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.0386 |
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author | Pons, Inès González Porras, Miguel Ángel Breitenbach, Noa Berger, Jürgen Hipp, Katharina Salem, Hassan |
author_facet | Pons, Inès González Porras, Miguel Ángel Breitenbach, Noa Berger, Jürgen Hipp, Katharina Salem, Hassan |
author_sort | Pons, Inès |
collection | PubMed |
description | Faithful transmission of beneficial symbionts is critical for the persistence of mutualisms. Many insect groups rely on extracellular routes that require microbial symbionts to survive outside the host during transfer. However, given a prolonged aposymbiotic phase in offspring, how do mothers mitigate the risk of symbiont loss due to unsuccessful transmission? Here, we investigated symbiont regulation and reacquisition during extracellular transfer in the tortoise beetle, Chelymorpha alternans (Coleoptera: Cassidinae). Like many cassidines, C. alternans relies on egg caplets to vertically propagate its obligate symbiont Candidatus Stammera capleta. On average, each caplet is supplied with 12 symbiont-bearing spheres where Stammera is embedded. We observe limited deviation (±2.3) in the number of spheres allocated to each caplet, indicating strict maternal control over symbiont supply. Larvae acquire Stammera 1 day prior to eclosion but are unable to do so after hatching, suggesting that a specific developmental window governs symbiont uptake. Experimentally manipulating the number of spheres available to each egg revealed that a single sphere is sufficient to ensure successful colonization by Stammera relative to the 12 typically packaged within a caplet. Collectively, our findings shed light on a tightly regulated symbiont transmission cycle optimized to ensure extracellular transfer. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9043728 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | The Royal Society |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90437282022-05-10 For the road: calibrated maternal investment in light of extracellular symbiont transmission Pons, Inès González Porras, Miguel Ángel Breitenbach, Noa Berger, Jürgen Hipp, Katharina Salem, Hassan Proc Biol Sci Evolution Faithful transmission of beneficial symbionts is critical for the persistence of mutualisms. Many insect groups rely on extracellular routes that require microbial symbionts to survive outside the host during transfer. However, given a prolonged aposymbiotic phase in offspring, how do mothers mitigate the risk of symbiont loss due to unsuccessful transmission? Here, we investigated symbiont regulation and reacquisition during extracellular transfer in the tortoise beetle, Chelymorpha alternans (Coleoptera: Cassidinae). Like many cassidines, C. alternans relies on egg caplets to vertically propagate its obligate symbiont Candidatus Stammera capleta. On average, each caplet is supplied with 12 symbiont-bearing spheres where Stammera is embedded. We observe limited deviation (±2.3) in the number of spheres allocated to each caplet, indicating strict maternal control over symbiont supply. Larvae acquire Stammera 1 day prior to eclosion but are unable to do so after hatching, suggesting that a specific developmental window governs symbiont uptake. Experimentally manipulating the number of spheres available to each egg revealed that a single sphere is sufficient to ensure successful colonization by Stammera relative to the 12 typically packaged within a caplet. Collectively, our findings shed light on a tightly regulated symbiont transmission cycle optimized to ensure extracellular transfer. The Royal Society 2022-04-27 2022-04-27 /pmc/articles/PMC9043728/ /pubmed/35473381 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.0386 Text en © 2022 The Authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Evolution Pons, Inès González Porras, Miguel Ángel Breitenbach, Noa Berger, Jürgen Hipp, Katharina Salem, Hassan For the road: calibrated maternal investment in light of extracellular symbiont transmission |
title | For the road: calibrated maternal investment in light of extracellular symbiont transmission |
title_full | For the road: calibrated maternal investment in light of extracellular symbiont transmission |
title_fullStr | For the road: calibrated maternal investment in light of extracellular symbiont transmission |
title_full_unstemmed | For the road: calibrated maternal investment in light of extracellular symbiont transmission |
title_short | For the road: calibrated maternal investment in light of extracellular symbiont transmission |
title_sort | for the road: calibrated maternal investment in light of extracellular symbiont transmission |
topic | Evolution |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9043728/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35473381 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.0386 |
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