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Hydrogel gratings with patterned analyte responsive dyes for spectroscopic sensing

This is an unprecedented report of hydrogel gratings with an analyte responsive dye immobilised in alternating strips where the patterned dye is its own dispersive element to perform spectroscopy. At each wavelength, the diffraction efficiency of hydrogel gratings is a function of dye absorbance, wh...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Gupta, Ruchi, El Sayed, Sameh, Goddard, Nicholas J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Royal Society of Chemistry 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9044543/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35494120
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra08610c
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author Gupta, Ruchi
El Sayed, Sameh
Goddard, Nicholas J.
author_facet Gupta, Ruchi
El Sayed, Sameh
Goddard, Nicholas J.
author_sort Gupta, Ruchi
collection PubMed
description This is an unprecedented report of hydrogel gratings with an analyte responsive dye immobilised in alternating strips where the patterned dye is its own dispersive element to perform spectroscopy. At each wavelength, the diffraction efficiency of hydrogel gratings is a function of dye absorbance, which in turn is dependent on the concentration of analytes in samples. Thus, changes in intensity of diffracted light of hydrogel gratings were measured for sensing of analytes. Equally, the ratio of diffracted intensities at two wavelengths was used for quantification of analytes to reduce errors caused by variations in intensity of light sources and photobleaching of dyes. 15.27 μm pitch gratings were fabricated by exposing 175 μm thick films of photofunctionalisable poly(acrylamide) hydrogel in a laser interferometric lithography setup, generating an array of alternating lines with and without free functional groups. The freed functional groups were reacted with pH sensitive fluorescein isothiocyanate to create gratings for measurement of pH. The ratio of intensity of diffracted light of hydrogel gratings at 430 and 475 nm was shown to be linear over 4 pH units, which compares favourably with ∼2 pH units for conventional absorption spectroscopy. This increased dynamic range was a result of cancellation of the opposite non-linearities in the pH response of the analyte responsive dye and the diffraction efficiency as a function of dye absorbance.
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spelling pubmed-90445432022-04-28 Hydrogel gratings with patterned analyte responsive dyes for spectroscopic sensing Gupta, Ruchi El Sayed, Sameh Goddard, Nicholas J. RSC Adv Chemistry This is an unprecedented report of hydrogel gratings with an analyte responsive dye immobilised in alternating strips where the patterned dye is its own dispersive element to perform spectroscopy. At each wavelength, the diffraction efficiency of hydrogel gratings is a function of dye absorbance, which in turn is dependent on the concentration of analytes in samples. Thus, changes in intensity of diffracted light of hydrogel gratings were measured for sensing of analytes. Equally, the ratio of diffracted intensities at two wavelengths was used for quantification of analytes to reduce errors caused by variations in intensity of light sources and photobleaching of dyes. 15.27 μm pitch gratings were fabricated by exposing 175 μm thick films of photofunctionalisable poly(acrylamide) hydrogel in a laser interferometric lithography setup, generating an array of alternating lines with and without free functional groups. The freed functional groups were reacted with pH sensitive fluorescein isothiocyanate to create gratings for measurement of pH. The ratio of intensity of diffracted light of hydrogel gratings at 430 and 475 nm was shown to be linear over 4 pH units, which compares favourably with ∼2 pH units for conventional absorption spectroscopy. This increased dynamic range was a result of cancellation of the opposite non-linearities in the pH response of the analyte responsive dye and the diffraction efficiency as a function of dye absorbance. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2021-12-17 /pmc/articles/PMC9044543/ /pubmed/35494120 http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra08610c Text en This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
spellingShingle Chemistry
Gupta, Ruchi
El Sayed, Sameh
Goddard, Nicholas J.
Hydrogel gratings with patterned analyte responsive dyes for spectroscopic sensing
title Hydrogel gratings with patterned analyte responsive dyes for spectroscopic sensing
title_full Hydrogel gratings with patterned analyte responsive dyes for spectroscopic sensing
title_fullStr Hydrogel gratings with patterned analyte responsive dyes for spectroscopic sensing
title_full_unstemmed Hydrogel gratings with patterned analyte responsive dyes for spectroscopic sensing
title_short Hydrogel gratings with patterned analyte responsive dyes for spectroscopic sensing
title_sort hydrogel gratings with patterned analyte responsive dyes for spectroscopic sensing
topic Chemistry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9044543/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35494120
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra08610c
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