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Seneca Valley Virus 3C(pro) Mediates Cleavage and Redistribution of Nucleolin To Facilitate Viral Replication

Seneca Valley virus (SVV) is a recently discovered pathogen that poses a significant threat to the global pig industry. It has been shown that many viruses are reliant on nucleocytoplasmic trafficking of nucleolin (NCL) for their own replication. Here, we demonstrate that NCL, a critical protein com...

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Autores principales: Song, Jiangwei, Quan, Rong, Wang, Dan, Liu, Jue
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Society for Microbiology 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9045095/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35357201
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00304-22
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author Song, Jiangwei
Quan, Rong
Wang, Dan
Liu, Jue
author_facet Song, Jiangwei
Quan, Rong
Wang, Dan
Liu, Jue
author_sort Song, Jiangwei
collection PubMed
description Seneca Valley virus (SVV) is a recently discovered pathogen that poses a significant threat to the global pig industry. It has been shown that many viruses are reliant on nucleocytoplasmic trafficking of nucleolin (NCL) for their own replication. Here, we demonstrate that NCL, a critical protein component of the nucleolus, is cleaved and translocated out of the nucleoli following SVV infection. Furthermore, our data suggest that SVV 3C protease (3C(pro)) is responsible for this cleavage and subsequent delocalization from the nucleoli, and that inactivation of this protease activity abolished this cleavage and translocation. SVV 3C(pro) cleaved NCL at residue Q545, and the cleavage fragment (aa 1 to 545) facilitated viral replication, which was similar to the activities described for full-length NCL. Small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown indicated that NCL is required for efficient viral replication and viral protein expression. In contrast, lentivirus-mediated overexpression of NCL significantly enhanced viral replication. Taken together, these results indicate that SVV 3C(pro) targets NCL for its cleavage and redistribution, which contributes to efficient viral replication, thereby emphasizing the potential target of antiviral strategies for the control of SVV infection. IMPORTANCE The nucleolus is a subnuclear cellular compartment, and nucleolin (NCL) resides predominantly in the nucleolus. NCL participates in viral replication, translation, internalization, and also serves as a receptor for virus entry. The interaction between NCL and SVV is still unknown. Here, we demonstrate that SVV 3C(pro) targets NCL for its cleavage and nucleocytoplasmic transportation, which contributes to efficient viral replication. Our results reveal novel function of SVV 3C(pro) and provide further insight into the mechanisms by which SVV utilizes nucleoli for efficient replication.
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spelling pubmed-90450952022-04-28 Seneca Valley Virus 3C(pro) Mediates Cleavage and Redistribution of Nucleolin To Facilitate Viral Replication Song, Jiangwei Quan, Rong Wang, Dan Liu, Jue Microbiol Spectr Research Article Seneca Valley virus (SVV) is a recently discovered pathogen that poses a significant threat to the global pig industry. It has been shown that many viruses are reliant on nucleocytoplasmic trafficking of nucleolin (NCL) for their own replication. Here, we demonstrate that NCL, a critical protein component of the nucleolus, is cleaved and translocated out of the nucleoli following SVV infection. Furthermore, our data suggest that SVV 3C protease (3C(pro)) is responsible for this cleavage and subsequent delocalization from the nucleoli, and that inactivation of this protease activity abolished this cleavage and translocation. SVV 3C(pro) cleaved NCL at residue Q545, and the cleavage fragment (aa 1 to 545) facilitated viral replication, which was similar to the activities described for full-length NCL. Small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown indicated that NCL is required for efficient viral replication and viral protein expression. In contrast, lentivirus-mediated overexpression of NCL significantly enhanced viral replication. Taken together, these results indicate that SVV 3C(pro) targets NCL for its cleavage and redistribution, which contributes to efficient viral replication, thereby emphasizing the potential target of antiviral strategies for the control of SVV infection. IMPORTANCE The nucleolus is a subnuclear cellular compartment, and nucleolin (NCL) resides predominantly in the nucleolus. NCL participates in viral replication, translation, internalization, and also serves as a receptor for virus entry. The interaction between NCL and SVV is still unknown. Here, we demonstrate that SVV 3C(pro) targets NCL for its cleavage and nucleocytoplasmic transportation, which contributes to efficient viral replication. Our results reveal novel function of SVV 3C(pro) and provide further insight into the mechanisms by which SVV utilizes nucleoli for efficient replication. American Society for Microbiology 2022-03-31 /pmc/articles/PMC9045095/ /pubmed/35357201 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00304-22 Text en Copyright © 2022 Song et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Research Article
Song, Jiangwei
Quan, Rong
Wang, Dan
Liu, Jue
Seneca Valley Virus 3C(pro) Mediates Cleavage and Redistribution of Nucleolin To Facilitate Viral Replication
title Seneca Valley Virus 3C(pro) Mediates Cleavage and Redistribution of Nucleolin To Facilitate Viral Replication
title_full Seneca Valley Virus 3C(pro) Mediates Cleavage and Redistribution of Nucleolin To Facilitate Viral Replication
title_fullStr Seneca Valley Virus 3C(pro) Mediates Cleavage and Redistribution of Nucleolin To Facilitate Viral Replication
title_full_unstemmed Seneca Valley Virus 3C(pro) Mediates Cleavage and Redistribution of Nucleolin To Facilitate Viral Replication
title_short Seneca Valley Virus 3C(pro) Mediates Cleavage and Redistribution of Nucleolin To Facilitate Viral Replication
title_sort seneca valley virus 3c(pro) mediates cleavage and redistribution of nucleolin to facilitate viral replication
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9045095/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35357201
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00304-22
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