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Impact of the Aversive Effects of Drugs on Their Use and Abuse

Drug use and abuse are complex issues in that the basis of each may involve different determinants and consequences, and the transition from one to the other may be equally multifaceted. A recent model of the addiction cycle (as proposed by Koob and his colleagues) illustrates how drug-taking patter...

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Autores principales: Riley, Anthony L., Manke, Hayley N., Huang, Shihui
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9045991/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35496768
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8634176
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author Riley, Anthony L.
Manke, Hayley N.
Huang, Shihui
author_facet Riley, Anthony L.
Manke, Hayley N.
Huang, Shihui
author_sort Riley, Anthony L.
collection PubMed
description Drug use and abuse are complex issues in that the basis of each may involve different determinants and consequences, and the transition from one to the other may be equally multifaceted. A recent model of the addiction cycle (as proposed by Koob and his colleagues) illustrates how drug-taking patterns transition from impulsive (acute use) to compulsive (chronic use) as a function of various neuroadaptations leading to the downregulation of DA systems, upregulation of stress systems, and the dysregulation of the prefrontal/orbitofrontal cortex. Although the nature of reinforcement in the initiation and mediation of these effects may differ (positive vs. negative), the role of reinforcement in drug intake (acute and chronic) is well characterized. However, drugs of abuse have other stimulus properties that may be important in their use and abuse. One such property is their aversive effects that limit drug intake instead of initiating and maintaining it. Evidence of such effects comes from both clinical and preclinical populations. In support of this position, the present review describes the aversive effects of drugs (assessed primarily in conditioned taste aversion learning), the fact that they occur concurrently with reward as assessed in combined taste aversion/place preference designs, the role of aversive effects in drug-taking (in balance with their rewarding effects), the dissociation of these affective properties in that they can be affected in different ways by the same manipulations, and the impact of various parametric, experiential, and subject factors on the aversive effects of drugs and the consequent impact of these factors on their use and abuse potential.
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spelling pubmed-90459912022-04-28 Impact of the Aversive Effects of Drugs on Their Use and Abuse Riley, Anthony L. Manke, Hayley N. Huang, Shihui Behav Neurol Review Article Drug use and abuse are complex issues in that the basis of each may involve different determinants and consequences, and the transition from one to the other may be equally multifaceted. A recent model of the addiction cycle (as proposed by Koob and his colleagues) illustrates how drug-taking patterns transition from impulsive (acute use) to compulsive (chronic use) as a function of various neuroadaptations leading to the downregulation of DA systems, upregulation of stress systems, and the dysregulation of the prefrontal/orbitofrontal cortex. Although the nature of reinforcement in the initiation and mediation of these effects may differ (positive vs. negative), the role of reinforcement in drug intake (acute and chronic) is well characterized. However, drugs of abuse have other stimulus properties that may be important in their use and abuse. One such property is their aversive effects that limit drug intake instead of initiating and maintaining it. Evidence of such effects comes from both clinical and preclinical populations. In support of this position, the present review describes the aversive effects of drugs (assessed primarily in conditioned taste aversion learning), the fact that they occur concurrently with reward as assessed in combined taste aversion/place preference designs, the role of aversive effects in drug-taking (in balance with their rewarding effects), the dissociation of these affective properties in that they can be affected in different ways by the same manipulations, and the impact of various parametric, experiential, and subject factors on the aversive effects of drugs and the consequent impact of these factors on their use and abuse potential. Hindawi 2022-04-20 /pmc/articles/PMC9045991/ /pubmed/35496768 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8634176 Text en Copyright © 2022 Anthony L. Riley et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Riley, Anthony L.
Manke, Hayley N.
Huang, Shihui
Impact of the Aversive Effects of Drugs on Their Use and Abuse
title Impact of the Aversive Effects of Drugs on Their Use and Abuse
title_full Impact of the Aversive Effects of Drugs on Their Use and Abuse
title_fullStr Impact of the Aversive Effects of Drugs on Their Use and Abuse
title_full_unstemmed Impact of the Aversive Effects of Drugs on Their Use and Abuse
title_short Impact of the Aversive Effects of Drugs on Their Use and Abuse
title_sort impact of the aversive effects of drugs on their use and abuse
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9045991/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35496768
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8634176
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