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Powdered Sugar Examination as a Tool for the Assessment of Paenibacillus larvae Infection Levels in Honey Bee Colonies
American Foulbrood (AFB) is a contagious and severe brood disease of honey bees caused by the spore-forming bacterium Paenibacillus larvae. The identification of honey bee colonies infected by P. larvae is crucial for the effective control of AFB. We studied the possibility of identifying the infect...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9046973/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35498733 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.853707 |
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author | Bassi, Stefano Galletti, Giorgio Carpana, Emanuele Palminteri, Stefano Bosi, Filippo Loglio, Giulio Carra, Elena |
author_facet | Bassi, Stefano Galletti, Giorgio Carpana, Emanuele Palminteri, Stefano Bosi, Filippo Loglio, Giulio Carra, Elena |
author_sort | Bassi, Stefano |
collection | PubMed |
description | American Foulbrood (AFB) is a contagious and severe brood disease of honey bees caused by the spore-forming bacterium Paenibacillus larvae. The identification of honey bee colonies infected by P. larvae is crucial for the effective control of AFB. We studied the possibility of identifying the infection levels by P. larvae in honey bee colonies through the examination of powdered sugar samples collected in the hives. The powdered sugar was dusted on the top bars of honeycombs and collected from a sheet paper placed at the bottom of the hive. Three groups of honey bee colonies were examined: Group A1- colonies with clinical symptoms of AFB (n = 11); Group A2 – asymptomatic colonies located in apiaries with colonies showing symptoms of AFB (n = 59); Group B – asymptomatic colonies located in apiaries without cases of the disease (n = 49). The results showed that there was a significant difference in spore counting between Groups and that the spore load in sugar samples was always consistent with the clinical conditions of the colonies and with their belonging to AFB-affected apiaries or not. Based on the obtained results the cultural examination of powdered sugar samples collected from hives could be an effective tool for the quantitative non-destructive assessment of P. larvae infections in honey bee colonies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9046973 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90469732022-04-29 Powdered Sugar Examination as a Tool for the Assessment of Paenibacillus larvae Infection Levels in Honey Bee Colonies Bassi, Stefano Galletti, Giorgio Carpana, Emanuele Palminteri, Stefano Bosi, Filippo Loglio, Giulio Carra, Elena Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science American Foulbrood (AFB) is a contagious and severe brood disease of honey bees caused by the spore-forming bacterium Paenibacillus larvae. The identification of honey bee colonies infected by P. larvae is crucial for the effective control of AFB. We studied the possibility of identifying the infection levels by P. larvae in honey bee colonies through the examination of powdered sugar samples collected in the hives. The powdered sugar was dusted on the top bars of honeycombs and collected from a sheet paper placed at the bottom of the hive. Three groups of honey bee colonies were examined: Group A1- colonies with clinical symptoms of AFB (n = 11); Group A2 – asymptomatic colonies located in apiaries with colonies showing symptoms of AFB (n = 59); Group B – asymptomatic colonies located in apiaries without cases of the disease (n = 49). The results showed that there was a significant difference in spore counting between Groups and that the spore load in sugar samples was always consistent with the clinical conditions of the colonies and with their belonging to AFB-affected apiaries or not. Based on the obtained results the cultural examination of powdered sugar samples collected from hives could be an effective tool for the quantitative non-destructive assessment of P. larvae infections in honey bee colonies. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-04-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9046973/ /pubmed/35498733 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.853707 Text en Copyright © 2022 Bassi, Galletti, Carpana, Palminteri, Bosi, Loglio and Carra. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Veterinary Science Bassi, Stefano Galletti, Giorgio Carpana, Emanuele Palminteri, Stefano Bosi, Filippo Loglio, Giulio Carra, Elena Powdered Sugar Examination as a Tool for the Assessment of Paenibacillus larvae Infection Levels in Honey Bee Colonies |
title | Powdered Sugar Examination as a Tool for the Assessment of Paenibacillus larvae Infection Levels in Honey Bee Colonies |
title_full | Powdered Sugar Examination as a Tool for the Assessment of Paenibacillus larvae Infection Levels in Honey Bee Colonies |
title_fullStr | Powdered Sugar Examination as a Tool for the Assessment of Paenibacillus larvae Infection Levels in Honey Bee Colonies |
title_full_unstemmed | Powdered Sugar Examination as a Tool for the Assessment of Paenibacillus larvae Infection Levels in Honey Bee Colonies |
title_short | Powdered Sugar Examination as a Tool for the Assessment of Paenibacillus larvae Infection Levels in Honey Bee Colonies |
title_sort | powdered sugar examination as a tool for the assessment of paenibacillus larvae infection levels in honey bee colonies |
topic | Veterinary Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9046973/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35498733 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.853707 |
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