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Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Severely Immunocompromised Patients With Complete Remission B-Cell Lymphoma and Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody Therapy: A Case Report of Two Cases

Immunosuppressant conditions such as hematological malignancies increase the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. It has been described in the literature that patients on anti-CD20 maintenance therapies for lymphoid malignancies are susceptible to having re...

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Autores principales: Martínez-Chinchilla, Carlos, Vazquez-Montero, Lucía, Palazón-Carrión, Natalia, Fernández-Román, Isabel M., López-Barba, José, de la Cruz-Merino, Luis, Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús, Palacios-Baena, Zaira R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9046988/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35493500
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.860891
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author Martínez-Chinchilla, Carlos
Vazquez-Montero, Lucía
Palazón-Carrión, Natalia
Fernández-Román, Isabel M.
López-Barba, José
de la Cruz-Merino, Luis
Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús
Palacios-Baena, Zaira R.
author_facet Martínez-Chinchilla, Carlos
Vazquez-Montero, Lucía
Palazón-Carrión, Natalia
Fernández-Román, Isabel M.
López-Barba, José
de la Cruz-Merino, Luis
Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús
Palacios-Baena, Zaira R.
author_sort Martínez-Chinchilla, Carlos
collection PubMed
description Immunosuppressant conditions such as hematological malignancies increase the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. It has been described in the literature that patients on anti-CD20 maintenance therapies for lymphoid malignancies are susceptible to having recurrent flares together with viral replication or reinfections, although these cases are scarce. These patients are not well represented in randomized controlled trials, and as a consequence, the evidence for the use of certain treatments in this scenario is lacking. We present two cases of patients with B-cell lymphoma on remission and treated with rituximab on maintenance. They developed at least 1 flare of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) after acute infection and always after receiving rituximab. RT-PCR was positive in the nasopharyngeal swab and also in plasma. Patients were treated during flares with remdesivir, hyperimmune plasma, and corticosteroids. These two cases showed the unresolved problem of COVID-19 in immunosuppressant patients and showed that despite the vast amount of information available on SARS-CoV-2, information in this subgroup of patients is lacking.
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spelling pubmed-90469882022-04-29 Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Severely Immunocompromised Patients With Complete Remission B-Cell Lymphoma and Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody Therapy: A Case Report of Two Cases Martínez-Chinchilla, Carlos Vazquez-Montero, Lucía Palazón-Carrión, Natalia Fernández-Román, Isabel M. López-Barba, José de la Cruz-Merino, Luis Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús Palacios-Baena, Zaira R. Front Immunol Immunology Immunosuppressant conditions such as hematological malignancies increase the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. It has been described in the literature that patients on anti-CD20 maintenance therapies for lymphoid malignancies are susceptible to having recurrent flares together with viral replication or reinfections, although these cases are scarce. These patients are not well represented in randomized controlled trials, and as a consequence, the evidence for the use of certain treatments in this scenario is lacking. We present two cases of patients with B-cell lymphoma on remission and treated with rituximab on maintenance. They developed at least 1 flare of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) after acute infection and always after receiving rituximab. RT-PCR was positive in the nasopharyngeal swab and also in plasma. Patients were treated during flares with remdesivir, hyperimmune plasma, and corticosteroids. These two cases showed the unresolved problem of COVID-19 in immunosuppressant patients and showed that despite the vast amount of information available on SARS-CoV-2, information in this subgroup of patients is lacking. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-04-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9046988/ /pubmed/35493500 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.860891 Text en Copyright © 2022 Martínez-Chinchilla, Vazquez-Montero, Palazón-Carrión, Fernández-Román, López-Barba, de la Cruz-Merino, Rodríguez-Baño and Palacios-Baena https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Martínez-Chinchilla, Carlos
Vazquez-Montero, Lucía
Palazón-Carrión, Natalia
Fernández-Román, Isabel M.
López-Barba, José
de la Cruz-Merino, Luis
Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús
Palacios-Baena, Zaira R.
Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Severely Immunocompromised Patients With Complete Remission B-Cell Lymphoma and Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody Therapy: A Case Report of Two Cases
title Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Severely Immunocompromised Patients With Complete Remission B-Cell Lymphoma and Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody Therapy: A Case Report of Two Cases
title_full Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Severely Immunocompromised Patients With Complete Remission B-Cell Lymphoma and Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody Therapy: A Case Report of Two Cases
title_fullStr Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Severely Immunocompromised Patients With Complete Remission B-Cell Lymphoma and Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody Therapy: A Case Report of Two Cases
title_full_unstemmed Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Severely Immunocompromised Patients With Complete Remission B-Cell Lymphoma and Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody Therapy: A Case Report of Two Cases
title_short Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Severely Immunocompromised Patients With Complete Remission B-Cell Lymphoma and Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody Therapy: A Case Report of Two Cases
title_sort persistence of sars-cov-2 infection in severely immunocompromised patients with complete remission b-cell lymphoma and anti-cd20 monoclonal antibody therapy: a case report of two cases
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9046988/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35493500
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.860891
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