Longitudinal Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections Reveals Limited Infectious Virus Shedding and Restricted Tissue Distribution

BACKGROUND: The global effort to vaccinate people against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during an ongoing pandemic has raised questions about how vaccine breakthrough infections compare with infections in immunologically naive individuals and the potential for vaccinat...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Ke, Ruian, Martinez, Pamela P, Smith, Rebecca L, Gibson, Laura L, Achenbach, Chad J, McFall, Sally, Qi, Chao, Jacob, Joshua, Dembele, Etienne, Bundy, Camille, Simons, Lacy M, Ozer, Egon A, Hultquist, Judd F, Lorenzo-Redondo, Ramon, Opdycke, Anita K, Hawkins, Claudia, Murphy, Robert L, Mirza, Agha, Conte, Madison, Gallagher, Nicholas, Luo, Chun Huai, Jarrett, Junko, Conte, Abigail, Zhou, Ruifeng, Farjo, Mireille, Rendon, Gloria, Fields, Christopher J, Wang, Leyi, Fredrickson, Richard, Baughman, Melinda E, Chiu, Karen K, Choi, Hannah, Scardina, Kevin R, Owens, Alyssa N, Broach, John, Barton, Bruce, Lazar, Peter, Robinson, Matthew L, Mostafa, Heba H, Manabe, Yukari C, Pekosz, Andrew, McManus, David D, Brooke, Christopher B
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2022
Materias:
Major Article
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9047214/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35791353
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofac192
Descripción
Sumario:BACKGROUND: The global effort to vaccinate people against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during an ongoing pandemic has raised questions about how vaccine breakthrough infections compare with infections in immunologically naive individuals and the potential for vaccinated individuals to transmit the virus. METHODS: We examined viral dynamics and infectious virus shedding through daily longitudinal sampling in 23 adults infected with SARS-CoV-2 at varying stages of vaccination, including 6 fully vaccinated individuals. RESULTS: The durations of both infectious virus shedding and symptoms were significantly reduced in vaccinated individuals compared with unvaccinated individuals. We also observed that breakthrough infections are associated with strong tissue compartmentalization and are only detectable in saliva in some cases. CONCLUSIONS: Vaccination shortens the duration of time of high transmission potential, minimizes symptom duration, and may restrict tissue dissemination.

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