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Excito-repellency of Myristica fragrans Houtt. and Curcuma longa L. extracts from Southern Thailand against Aedes aegypti (L.)
The development of local plant extracts as a mosquito repellent is environmentally safe, inexpensive, and easily accessible for residents. In this study, three extracts from two local plants, Myristica fragrans Houtt. (flesh and mace) and Curcuma longa L. (rhizome) from southern Thailand, were inves...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
PeerJ Inc.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9048641/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35497187 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13357 |
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author | Bhoopong, Phuangthip Chareonviriyaphap, Theeraphap Sukkanon, Chutipong |
author_facet | Bhoopong, Phuangthip Chareonviriyaphap, Theeraphap Sukkanon, Chutipong |
author_sort | Bhoopong, Phuangthip |
collection | PubMed |
description | The development of local plant extracts as a mosquito repellent is environmentally safe, inexpensive, and easily accessible for residents. In this study, three extracts from two local plants, Myristica fragrans Houtt. (flesh and mace) and Curcuma longa L. (rhizome) from southern Thailand, were investigated for their inherent repellent activity using the excito-repellency (ER) assay system against insectary-colonized Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae). The escape responses of mosquitoes exposed to concentrations of 0.5% to 5.0% (w/v) were measured to determine the contact irritant and non-contact repellent properties of each extract. Both the flesh and mace extracts of M. fragrans had relatively limited contact irritants (28.1% and 34.6% escape) and non-contact repellent (16.7% and 18.3% escape) activities against Ae. aegypti, respectively. The C. longa rhizome extract produced higher escape responses in the non-contact (42.6% escape) and contact (41.4% escape) trials at concentrations of 5.0% and 1.0%, respectively. GC-MS analysis found diethyl malate (56.5%) and elemicin (11.7%) to be the main components of the flesh and mace extracts, respectively, while ar-turmerone (24.6%), β-turmerone (15.2%), α-turmerone (10.5%) were the primary constituents of the rhizome extract. Overall, our results indicate that both M. fragrans extracts primarily caused Ae. aegypti escape through contact irritation. For C. longa, lower concentrations (0.5% and 1.0%) exhibited contact irritancy, but higher concentrations (2.5% and 5.0%) exhibited non-contact repellency against Ae. aegypti. Although they had limited efficacy, further experiments (e.g., mixing with other plant-based compounds) could enhance the ER of both local plant extracts. Additional evaluation of these extracts against other mosquito species and the ER of their chemical components, either alone or in combination, would also be beneficial for the development of green repellents. Our findings emphasize the possibility of utilizing plant-based mosquito repellent as an alternative personal protection method for future mosquito control programs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9048641 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90486412022-04-29 Excito-repellency of Myristica fragrans Houtt. and Curcuma longa L. extracts from Southern Thailand against Aedes aegypti (L.) Bhoopong, Phuangthip Chareonviriyaphap, Theeraphap Sukkanon, Chutipong PeerJ Animal Behavior The development of local plant extracts as a mosquito repellent is environmentally safe, inexpensive, and easily accessible for residents. In this study, three extracts from two local plants, Myristica fragrans Houtt. (flesh and mace) and Curcuma longa L. (rhizome) from southern Thailand, were investigated for their inherent repellent activity using the excito-repellency (ER) assay system against insectary-colonized Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae). The escape responses of mosquitoes exposed to concentrations of 0.5% to 5.0% (w/v) were measured to determine the contact irritant and non-contact repellent properties of each extract. Both the flesh and mace extracts of M. fragrans had relatively limited contact irritants (28.1% and 34.6% escape) and non-contact repellent (16.7% and 18.3% escape) activities against Ae. aegypti, respectively. The C. longa rhizome extract produced higher escape responses in the non-contact (42.6% escape) and contact (41.4% escape) trials at concentrations of 5.0% and 1.0%, respectively. GC-MS analysis found diethyl malate (56.5%) and elemicin (11.7%) to be the main components of the flesh and mace extracts, respectively, while ar-turmerone (24.6%), β-turmerone (15.2%), α-turmerone (10.5%) were the primary constituents of the rhizome extract. Overall, our results indicate that both M. fragrans extracts primarily caused Ae. aegypti escape through contact irritation. For C. longa, lower concentrations (0.5% and 1.0%) exhibited contact irritancy, but higher concentrations (2.5% and 5.0%) exhibited non-contact repellency against Ae. aegypti. Although they had limited efficacy, further experiments (e.g., mixing with other plant-based compounds) could enhance the ER of both local plant extracts. Additional evaluation of these extracts against other mosquito species and the ER of their chemical components, either alone or in combination, would also be beneficial for the development of green repellents. Our findings emphasize the possibility of utilizing plant-based mosquito repellent as an alternative personal protection method for future mosquito control programs. PeerJ Inc. 2022-04-25 /pmc/articles/PMC9048641/ /pubmed/35497187 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13357 Text en ©2022 Bhoopong et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited. |
spellingShingle | Animal Behavior Bhoopong, Phuangthip Chareonviriyaphap, Theeraphap Sukkanon, Chutipong Excito-repellency of Myristica fragrans Houtt. and Curcuma longa L. extracts from Southern Thailand against Aedes aegypti (L.) |
title | Excito-repellency of Myristica fragrans Houtt. and Curcuma longa L. extracts from Southern Thailand against Aedes aegypti (L.) |
title_full | Excito-repellency of Myristica fragrans Houtt. and Curcuma longa L. extracts from Southern Thailand against Aedes aegypti (L.) |
title_fullStr | Excito-repellency of Myristica fragrans Houtt. and Curcuma longa L. extracts from Southern Thailand against Aedes aegypti (L.) |
title_full_unstemmed | Excito-repellency of Myristica fragrans Houtt. and Curcuma longa L. extracts from Southern Thailand against Aedes aegypti (L.) |
title_short | Excito-repellency of Myristica fragrans Houtt. and Curcuma longa L. extracts from Southern Thailand against Aedes aegypti (L.) |
title_sort | excito-repellency of myristica fragrans houtt. and curcuma longa l. extracts from southern thailand against aedes aegypti (l.) |
topic | Animal Behavior |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9048641/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35497187 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13357 |
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