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A DNA barcode survey of insect biodiversity in Pakistan
Although Pakistan has rich biodiversity, many groups are poorly known, particularly insects. To address this gap, we employed DNA barcoding to survey its insect diversity. Specimens obtained through diverse collecting methods at 1,858 sites across Pakistan from 2010–2019 were examined for sequence v...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
PeerJ Inc.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9048642/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35497186 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13267 |
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author | Ashfaq, Muhammad Khan, Arif M. Rasool, Akhtar Akhtar, Saleem Nazir, Naila Ahmed, Nazeer Manzoor, Farkhanda Sones, Jayme Perez, Kate Sarwar, Ghulam Khan, Azhar A. Akhter, Muhammad Saeed, Shafqat Sultana, Riffat Tahir, Hafiz Muhammad Rafi, Muhammad A. Iftikhar, Romana Naseem, Muhammad Tayyib Masood, Mariyam Tufail, Muhammad Kumar, Santosh Afzal, Sabila McKeown, Jaclyn Samejo, Ahmed Ali Khaliq, Imran D’Souza, Michelle L. Mansoor, Shahid Hebert, Paul D. N. |
author_facet | Ashfaq, Muhammad Khan, Arif M. Rasool, Akhtar Akhtar, Saleem Nazir, Naila Ahmed, Nazeer Manzoor, Farkhanda Sones, Jayme Perez, Kate Sarwar, Ghulam Khan, Azhar A. Akhter, Muhammad Saeed, Shafqat Sultana, Riffat Tahir, Hafiz Muhammad Rafi, Muhammad A. Iftikhar, Romana Naseem, Muhammad Tayyib Masood, Mariyam Tufail, Muhammad Kumar, Santosh Afzal, Sabila McKeown, Jaclyn Samejo, Ahmed Ali Khaliq, Imran D’Souza, Michelle L. Mansoor, Shahid Hebert, Paul D. N. |
author_sort | Ashfaq, Muhammad |
collection | PubMed |
description | Although Pakistan has rich biodiversity, many groups are poorly known, particularly insects. To address this gap, we employed DNA barcoding to survey its insect diversity. Specimens obtained through diverse collecting methods at 1,858 sites across Pakistan from 2010–2019 were examined for sequence variation in the 658 bp barcode region of the cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) gene. Sequences from nearly 49,000 specimens were assigned to 6,590 Barcode Index Numbers (BINs), a proxy for species, and most (88%) also possessed a representative image on the Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD). By coupling morphological inspections with barcode matches on BOLD, every BIN was assigned to an order (19) and most (99.8%) were placed to a family (362). However, just 40% of the BINs were assigned to a genus (1,375) and 21% to a species (1,364). Five orders (Coleoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera) accounted for 92% of the specimens and BINs. More than half of the BINs (59%) are so far only known from Pakistan, but others have also been reported from Bangladesh (13%), India (12%), and China (8%). Representing the first DNA barcode survey of the insect fauna in any South Asian country, this study provides the foundation for a complete inventory of the insect fauna in Pakistan while also contributing to the global DNA barcode reference library. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9048642 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90486422022-04-29 A DNA barcode survey of insect biodiversity in Pakistan Ashfaq, Muhammad Khan, Arif M. Rasool, Akhtar Akhtar, Saleem Nazir, Naila Ahmed, Nazeer Manzoor, Farkhanda Sones, Jayme Perez, Kate Sarwar, Ghulam Khan, Azhar A. Akhter, Muhammad Saeed, Shafqat Sultana, Riffat Tahir, Hafiz Muhammad Rafi, Muhammad A. Iftikhar, Romana Naseem, Muhammad Tayyib Masood, Mariyam Tufail, Muhammad Kumar, Santosh Afzal, Sabila McKeown, Jaclyn Samejo, Ahmed Ali Khaliq, Imran D’Souza, Michelle L. Mansoor, Shahid Hebert, Paul D. N. PeerJ Ecology Although Pakistan has rich biodiversity, many groups are poorly known, particularly insects. To address this gap, we employed DNA barcoding to survey its insect diversity. Specimens obtained through diverse collecting methods at 1,858 sites across Pakistan from 2010–2019 were examined for sequence variation in the 658 bp barcode region of the cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) gene. Sequences from nearly 49,000 specimens were assigned to 6,590 Barcode Index Numbers (BINs), a proxy for species, and most (88%) also possessed a representative image on the Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD). By coupling morphological inspections with barcode matches on BOLD, every BIN was assigned to an order (19) and most (99.8%) were placed to a family (362). However, just 40% of the BINs were assigned to a genus (1,375) and 21% to a species (1,364). Five orders (Coleoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera) accounted for 92% of the specimens and BINs. More than half of the BINs (59%) are so far only known from Pakistan, but others have also been reported from Bangladesh (13%), India (12%), and China (8%). Representing the first DNA barcode survey of the insect fauna in any South Asian country, this study provides the foundation for a complete inventory of the insect fauna in Pakistan while also contributing to the global DNA barcode reference library. PeerJ Inc. 2022-04-25 /pmc/articles/PMC9048642/ /pubmed/35497186 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13267 Text en © 2022 Ashfaq et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited. |
spellingShingle | Ecology Ashfaq, Muhammad Khan, Arif M. Rasool, Akhtar Akhtar, Saleem Nazir, Naila Ahmed, Nazeer Manzoor, Farkhanda Sones, Jayme Perez, Kate Sarwar, Ghulam Khan, Azhar A. Akhter, Muhammad Saeed, Shafqat Sultana, Riffat Tahir, Hafiz Muhammad Rafi, Muhammad A. Iftikhar, Romana Naseem, Muhammad Tayyib Masood, Mariyam Tufail, Muhammad Kumar, Santosh Afzal, Sabila McKeown, Jaclyn Samejo, Ahmed Ali Khaliq, Imran D’Souza, Michelle L. Mansoor, Shahid Hebert, Paul D. N. A DNA barcode survey of insect biodiversity in Pakistan |
title | A DNA barcode survey of insect biodiversity in Pakistan |
title_full | A DNA barcode survey of insect biodiversity in Pakistan |
title_fullStr | A DNA barcode survey of insect biodiversity in Pakistan |
title_full_unstemmed | A DNA barcode survey of insect biodiversity in Pakistan |
title_short | A DNA barcode survey of insect biodiversity in Pakistan |
title_sort | dna barcode survey of insect biodiversity in pakistan |
topic | Ecology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9048642/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35497186 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13267 |
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