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Remembering a Virtual Museum Tour: Viewing Time, Memory Reactivation, and Memory Distortion

A variety of evidence demonstrates that memory is a reconstructive process prone to errors and distortions. However, the complex relationship between memory encoding, strength of memory reactivation, and the likelihood of reporting true or false memories has yet to be ascertained. We address this is...

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Autores principales: Daviddi, Sarah, Mastroberardino, Serena, St. Jacques, Peggy L., Schacter, Daniel L., Santangelo, Valerio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9048676/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35496169
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.869336
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author Daviddi, Sarah
Mastroberardino, Serena
St. Jacques, Peggy L.
Schacter, Daniel L.
Santangelo, Valerio
author_facet Daviddi, Sarah
Mastroberardino, Serena
St. Jacques, Peggy L.
Schacter, Daniel L.
Santangelo, Valerio
author_sort Daviddi, Sarah
collection PubMed
description A variety of evidence demonstrates that memory is a reconstructive process prone to errors and distortions. However, the complex relationship between memory encoding, strength of memory reactivation, and the likelihood of reporting true or false memories has yet to be ascertained. We address this issue in a setting that mimics a real-life experience: We asked participants to take a virtual museum tour in which they freely explored artworks included in the exhibit, while we measured the participants’ spontaneous viewing time of each explored artwork. In a following memory reactivation phase, participants were presented again with explored artworks (reactivated targets), followed by novel artworks not belonging to the same exhibit (activated lures). For each of these objects, participants provided a reliving rating that indexed the strength of memory reactivation. In the final memory recognition phase, participants underwent an old/new memory task, involving reactivated vs. baseline (i.e., non-reactivated) targets, and activated and baseline lures. The results showed that those targets that were spontaneously viewed for a longer amount of time were more frequently correctly recognized. This pattern was particularly true for reactivated targets associated with greater memory strength (a higher reliving rating). Paradoxically, however, lures that were presented after targets associated with higher reliving ratings in the reactivation phase were more often erroneously recognized as artworks encountered during the tour. This latter finding indicates that memory intrusions, irrespective of the viewing time, are more likely to take place and be incorporated into true memories when the strength of target memory is higher.
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spelling pubmed-90486762022-04-29 Remembering a Virtual Museum Tour: Viewing Time, Memory Reactivation, and Memory Distortion Daviddi, Sarah Mastroberardino, Serena St. Jacques, Peggy L. Schacter, Daniel L. Santangelo, Valerio Front Psychol Psychology A variety of evidence demonstrates that memory is a reconstructive process prone to errors and distortions. However, the complex relationship between memory encoding, strength of memory reactivation, and the likelihood of reporting true or false memories has yet to be ascertained. We address this issue in a setting that mimics a real-life experience: We asked participants to take a virtual museum tour in which they freely explored artworks included in the exhibit, while we measured the participants’ spontaneous viewing time of each explored artwork. In a following memory reactivation phase, participants were presented again with explored artworks (reactivated targets), followed by novel artworks not belonging to the same exhibit (activated lures). For each of these objects, participants provided a reliving rating that indexed the strength of memory reactivation. In the final memory recognition phase, participants underwent an old/new memory task, involving reactivated vs. baseline (i.e., non-reactivated) targets, and activated and baseline lures. The results showed that those targets that were spontaneously viewed for a longer amount of time were more frequently correctly recognized. This pattern was particularly true for reactivated targets associated with greater memory strength (a higher reliving rating). Paradoxically, however, lures that were presented after targets associated with higher reliving ratings in the reactivation phase were more often erroneously recognized as artworks encountered during the tour. This latter finding indicates that memory intrusions, irrespective of the viewing time, are more likely to take place and be incorporated into true memories when the strength of target memory is higher. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-04-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9048676/ /pubmed/35496169 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.869336 Text en Copyright © 2022 Daviddi, Mastroberardino, St. Jacques, Schacter and Santangelo. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychology
Daviddi, Sarah
Mastroberardino, Serena
St. Jacques, Peggy L.
Schacter, Daniel L.
Santangelo, Valerio
Remembering a Virtual Museum Tour: Viewing Time, Memory Reactivation, and Memory Distortion
title Remembering a Virtual Museum Tour: Viewing Time, Memory Reactivation, and Memory Distortion
title_full Remembering a Virtual Museum Tour: Viewing Time, Memory Reactivation, and Memory Distortion
title_fullStr Remembering a Virtual Museum Tour: Viewing Time, Memory Reactivation, and Memory Distortion
title_full_unstemmed Remembering a Virtual Museum Tour: Viewing Time, Memory Reactivation, and Memory Distortion
title_short Remembering a Virtual Museum Tour: Viewing Time, Memory Reactivation, and Memory Distortion
title_sort remembering a virtual museum tour: viewing time, memory reactivation, and memory distortion
topic Psychology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9048676/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35496169
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.869336
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