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Changes in the Epidemiology and Causative Pathogens of Meningitis in Children After the Outbreak of the Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Multicenter Database Study

BACKGROUND: With the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, non-pharmaceutical interventions such as social distancing have been implemented worldwide, and a decrease in other infectious diseases has been reported as an unexpected benefit. However, to date, studies are lacking regarding the effects of t...

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Autores principales: Lee, Jooyoung, Choi, Arum, Kim, Kyunghoon, Bin, Joong Hyun, Eom, Tae Hoon, Yoo, Il Han, Yoon, Da Hye, Kim, Sukil, Kim, Young Hoon
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9049671/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35498771
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fped.2022.810616
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author Lee, Jooyoung
Choi, Arum
Kim, Kyunghoon
Bin, Joong Hyun
Eom, Tae Hoon
Yoo, Il Han
Yoon, Da Hye
Kim, Sukil
Kim, Young Hoon
author_facet Lee, Jooyoung
Choi, Arum
Kim, Kyunghoon
Bin, Joong Hyun
Eom, Tae Hoon
Yoo, Il Han
Yoon, Da Hye
Kim, Sukil
Kim, Young Hoon
author_sort Lee, Jooyoung
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: With the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, non-pharmaceutical interventions such as social distancing have been implemented worldwide, and a decrease in other infectious diseases has been reported as an unexpected benefit. However, to date, studies are lacking regarding the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on neuroinfectious diseases; therefore, we aimed to determine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of meningitis, which is the most common infectious disease in children. METHODS: This retrospective study used electronic medical record data from five university hospitals located in the metropolitan cities in Korea. This study included patients aged <18 years who were diagnosed with meningitis between January 2017 and December 2020. We analyzed the clinical characteristics of patients with meningitis and changes in the incidence and causative pathogens of meningitis before and after the COVID-19 outbreak. RESULTS: The study included 677 patients with meningitis. Following the outbreak of COVID-19 in Korea in January 2020, the incidence of childhood meningitis significantly decreased and seasonal changes noted yearly disappeared. There was a difference in the age distribution of patients with meningitis. The incidence of meningitis decreased significantly in children aged >5 years, and the incidence in children <5 years of age relatively increased (p < 0.001). In addition, there was a notable decrease in the cases of suspected meningitis (p < 0.001). The incidence of enteroviral meningitis, the most common cause of meningitis, significantly decreased. CONCLUSION: After the COVID-19 outbreak, the incidence of childhood meningitis significantly decreased with the implementation of non-pharmaceutical interventions. Absence of enteroviral meningitis and decrease in the proportion of patients aged ≥5 years with meningitis having mild symptoms were noted. Consequently, it can be concluded that the non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) instituted to prevent the spread of COVID-19 had some effect on reducing the incidence of meningitis.
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spelling pubmed-90496712022-04-29 Changes in the Epidemiology and Causative Pathogens of Meningitis in Children After the Outbreak of the Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Multicenter Database Study Lee, Jooyoung Choi, Arum Kim, Kyunghoon Bin, Joong Hyun Eom, Tae Hoon Yoo, Il Han Yoon, Da Hye Kim, Sukil Kim, Young Hoon Front Pediatr Pediatrics BACKGROUND: With the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, non-pharmaceutical interventions such as social distancing have been implemented worldwide, and a decrease in other infectious diseases has been reported as an unexpected benefit. However, to date, studies are lacking regarding the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on neuroinfectious diseases; therefore, we aimed to determine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of meningitis, which is the most common infectious disease in children. METHODS: This retrospective study used electronic medical record data from five university hospitals located in the metropolitan cities in Korea. This study included patients aged <18 years who were diagnosed with meningitis between January 2017 and December 2020. We analyzed the clinical characteristics of patients with meningitis and changes in the incidence and causative pathogens of meningitis before and after the COVID-19 outbreak. RESULTS: The study included 677 patients with meningitis. Following the outbreak of COVID-19 in Korea in January 2020, the incidence of childhood meningitis significantly decreased and seasonal changes noted yearly disappeared. There was a difference in the age distribution of patients with meningitis. The incidence of meningitis decreased significantly in children aged >5 years, and the incidence in children <5 years of age relatively increased (p < 0.001). In addition, there was a notable decrease in the cases of suspected meningitis (p < 0.001). The incidence of enteroviral meningitis, the most common cause of meningitis, significantly decreased. CONCLUSION: After the COVID-19 outbreak, the incidence of childhood meningitis significantly decreased with the implementation of non-pharmaceutical interventions. Absence of enteroviral meningitis and decrease in the proportion of patients aged ≥5 years with meningitis having mild symptoms were noted. Consequently, it can be concluded that the non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) instituted to prevent the spread of COVID-19 had some effect on reducing the incidence of meningitis. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-04-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9049671/ /pubmed/35498771 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fped.2022.810616 Text en Copyright © 2022 Lee, Choi, Kim, Bin, Eom, Yoo, Yoon, Kim and Kim. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Pediatrics
Lee, Jooyoung
Choi, Arum
Kim, Kyunghoon
Bin, Joong Hyun
Eom, Tae Hoon
Yoo, Il Han
Yoon, Da Hye
Kim, Sukil
Kim, Young Hoon
Changes in the Epidemiology and Causative Pathogens of Meningitis in Children After the Outbreak of the Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Multicenter Database Study
title Changes in the Epidemiology and Causative Pathogens of Meningitis in Children After the Outbreak of the Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Multicenter Database Study
title_full Changes in the Epidemiology and Causative Pathogens of Meningitis in Children After the Outbreak of the Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Multicenter Database Study
title_fullStr Changes in the Epidemiology and Causative Pathogens of Meningitis in Children After the Outbreak of the Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Multicenter Database Study
title_full_unstemmed Changes in the Epidemiology and Causative Pathogens of Meningitis in Children After the Outbreak of the Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Multicenter Database Study
title_short Changes in the Epidemiology and Causative Pathogens of Meningitis in Children After the Outbreak of the Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Multicenter Database Study
title_sort changes in the epidemiology and causative pathogens of meningitis in children after the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019: a multicenter database study
topic Pediatrics
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9049671/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35498771
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fped.2022.810616
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