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Task-related hemodynamic responses in human early visual cortex are modulated by task difficulty and behavioral performance

Early visual cortex exhibits widespread hemodynamic responses in the absence of visual stimulation, which are entrained to the timing of a task and not predicted by local spiking or local field potential. Such task-related responses (TRRs) covary with reward magnitude and physiological signatures of...

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Autores principales: Burlingham, Charlie S, Ryoo, Minyoung, Roth, Zvi N, Mirbagheri, Saghar, Heeger, David J, Merriam, Elisha P
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9049970/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35389340
http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.73018
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author Burlingham, Charlie S
Ryoo, Minyoung
Roth, Zvi N
Mirbagheri, Saghar
Heeger, David J
Merriam, Elisha P
author_facet Burlingham, Charlie S
Ryoo, Minyoung
Roth, Zvi N
Mirbagheri, Saghar
Heeger, David J
Merriam, Elisha P
author_sort Burlingham, Charlie S
collection PubMed
description Early visual cortex exhibits widespread hemodynamic responses in the absence of visual stimulation, which are entrained to the timing of a task and not predicted by local spiking or local field potential. Such task-related responses (TRRs) covary with reward magnitude and physiological signatures of arousal. It is unknown, however, if TRRs change on a trial-to-trial basis according to behavioral performance and task difficulty. If so, this would suggest that TRRs reflect arousal on a trial-to-trial timescale and covary with critical task and behavioral variables. We measured functional magnetic resonance imaging blood-oxygen-level-dependent (fMRI-BOLD) responses in the early visual cortex of human observers performing an orientation discrimination task consisting of separate easy and hard runs of trials. Stimuli were presented in a small portion of one hemifield, but the fMRI response was measured in the ipsilateral hemisphere, far from the stimulus representation and focus of spatial attention. TRRs scaled in amplitude with task difficulty, behavioral accuracy, reaction time, and lapses across trials. These modulations were not explained by the influence of respiration, cardiac activity, or head movement on the fMRI signal. Similar modulations with task difficulty and behavior were observed in pupil size. These results suggest that TRRs reflect arousal and behavior on the timescale of individual trials.
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spelling pubmed-90499702022-04-29 Task-related hemodynamic responses in human early visual cortex are modulated by task difficulty and behavioral performance Burlingham, Charlie S Ryoo, Minyoung Roth, Zvi N Mirbagheri, Saghar Heeger, David J Merriam, Elisha P eLife Neuroscience Early visual cortex exhibits widespread hemodynamic responses in the absence of visual stimulation, which are entrained to the timing of a task and not predicted by local spiking or local field potential. Such task-related responses (TRRs) covary with reward magnitude and physiological signatures of arousal. It is unknown, however, if TRRs change on a trial-to-trial basis according to behavioral performance and task difficulty. If so, this would suggest that TRRs reflect arousal on a trial-to-trial timescale and covary with critical task and behavioral variables. We measured functional magnetic resonance imaging blood-oxygen-level-dependent (fMRI-BOLD) responses in the early visual cortex of human observers performing an orientation discrimination task consisting of separate easy and hard runs of trials. Stimuli were presented in a small portion of one hemifield, but the fMRI response was measured in the ipsilateral hemisphere, far from the stimulus representation and focus of spatial attention. TRRs scaled in amplitude with task difficulty, behavioral accuracy, reaction time, and lapses across trials. These modulations were not explained by the influence of respiration, cardiac activity, or head movement on the fMRI signal. Similar modulations with task difficulty and behavior were observed in pupil size. These results suggest that TRRs reflect arousal and behavior on the timescale of individual trials. eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd 2022-04-07 /pmc/articles/PMC9049970/ /pubmed/35389340 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.73018 Text en https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/This is an open-access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) .
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Burlingham, Charlie S
Ryoo, Minyoung
Roth, Zvi N
Mirbagheri, Saghar
Heeger, David J
Merriam, Elisha P
Task-related hemodynamic responses in human early visual cortex are modulated by task difficulty and behavioral performance
title Task-related hemodynamic responses in human early visual cortex are modulated by task difficulty and behavioral performance
title_full Task-related hemodynamic responses in human early visual cortex are modulated by task difficulty and behavioral performance
title_fullStr Task-related hemodynamic responses in human early visual cortex are modulated by task difficulty and behavioral performance
title_full_unstemmed Task-related hemodynamic responses in human early visual cortex are modulated by task difficulty and behavioral performance
title_short Task-related hemodynamic responses in human early visual cortex are modulated by task difficulty and behavioral performance
title_sort task-related hemodynamic responses in human early visual cortex are modulated by task difficulty and behavioral performance
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9049970/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35389340
http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.73018
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