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The association between smoking behaviors and prices and taxes per cigarette pack in the United States from 2000 through 2019
OBJECTIVE: The conclusions on how tax and price increases affect smoking behaviors are mixed. This work is devoted to re-evaluating the relationship between cigarette prices and taxes and smoking behaviors. METHODS: Using 2000–2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data, we employed linear...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9052522/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35484617 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13242-5 |
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author | Le, Thuy T. T. Jaffri, Mohammed A. |
author_facet | Le, Thuy T. T. Jaffri, Mohammed A. |
author_sort | Le, Thuy T. T. |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: The conclusions on how tax and price increases affect smoking behaviors are mixed. This work is devoted to re-evaluating the relationship between cigarette prices and taxes and smoking behaviors. METHODS: Using 2000–2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data, we employed linear mixed-effect models to re-examine the impact of cigarette prices and taxes on smoking prevalence and the proportion of current smokers having tried to quit smoking in the past 12 months. All the analyses were conducted for the general population, then by age group, gender, race/ethnicity, and income level. RESULTS: The results indicate that higher cigarette prices and taxes were associated with a decrease in smoking prevalence and an increased likelihood of quitting smoking. Cigarette tax and price increases produced the most powerful impact on the smoking prevalence of 18- to 24-year-olds. The estimates also show that males tended to be more price-sensitive than females. Raising cigarette prices and taxes was estimated to be more effective in reducing the smoking prevalence among non-Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics when compared to non-Hispanic whites. Cigarette price and tax changes were likely to have a smaller effect on individuals with annual income under $25,000 relative to individuals with higher income levels. CONCLUSIONS: Increases in cigarette prices and taxes are significantly associated with a reduction in smoking prevalence and an increased likelihood of quitting smoking among adults across different demographic and socioeconomic groups. However, as cigarette price and tax changes disproportionately affect low-income individuals, raising cigarette prices and taxes may deepen income disparities. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9052522 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90525222022-04-30 The association between smoking behaviors and prices and taxes per cigarette pack in the United States from 2000 through 2019 Le, Thuy T. T. Jaffri, Mohammed A. BMC Public Health Research OBJECTIVE: The conclusions on how tax and price increases affect smoking behaviors are mixed. This work is devoted to re-evaluating the relationship between cigarette prices and taxes and smoking behaviors. METHODS: Using 2000–2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data, we employed linear mixed-effect models to re-examine the impact of cigarette prices and taxes on smoking prevalence and the proportion of current smokers having tried to quit smoking in the past 12 months. All the analyses were conducted for the general population, then by age group, gender, race/ethnicity, and income level. RESULTS: The results indicate that higher cigarette prices and taxes were associated with a decrease in smoking prevalence and an increased likelihood of quitting smoking. Cigarette tax and price increases produced the most powerful impact on the smoking prevalence of 18- to 24-year-olds. The estimates also show that males tended to be more price-sensitive than females. Raising cigarette prices and taxes was estimated to be more effective in reducing the smoking prevalence among non-Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics when compared to non-Hispanic whites. Cigarette price and tax changes were likely to have a smaller effect on individuals with annual income under $25,000 relative to individuals with higher income levels. CONCLUSIONS: Increases in cigarette prices and taxes are significantly associated with a reduction in smoking prevalence and an increased likelihood of quitting smoking among adults across different demographic and socioeconomic groups. However, as cigarette price and tax changes disproportionately affect low-income individuals, raising cigarette prices and taxes may deepen income disparities. BioMed Central 2022-04-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9052522/ /pubmed/35484617 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13242-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visithttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Le, Thuy T. T. Jaffri, Mohammed A. The association between smoking behaviors and prices and taxes per cigarette pack in the United States from 2000 through 2019 |
title | The association between smoking behaviors and prices and taxes per cigarette pack in the United States from 2000 through 2019 |
title_full | The association between smoking behaviors and prices and taxes per cigarette pack in the United States from 2000 through 2019 |
title_fullStr | The association between smoking behaviors and prices and taxes per cigarette pack in the United States from 2000 through 2019 |
title_full_unstemmed | The association between smoking behaviors and prices and taxes per cigarette pack in the United States from 2000 through 2019 |
title_short | The association between smoking behaviors and prices and taxes per cigarette pack in the United States from 2000 through 2019 |
title_sort | association between smoking behaviors and prices and taxes per cigarette pack in the united states from 2000 through 2019 |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9052522/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35484617 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13242-5 |
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