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Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Gamma lineage introduction and COVID-19 vaccination on the epidemiological landscape of a Brazilian city

BACKGROUND: The emergence of the Brazilian variant of concern, Gamma lineage (P.1), impacted the epidemiological profile of COVID-19 cases due to its higher transmissibility rate and immune evasion ability. METHODS: We sequenced 305 SARS-CoV-2 whole-genomes and performed phylogenetic analyses to ide...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Banho, Cecília Artico, Sacchetto, Lívia, Campos, Guilherme Rodrigues Fernandes, Bittar, Cíntia, Possebon, Fábio Sossai, Ullmann, Leila Sabrina, Marques, Beatriz de Carvalho, da Silva, Gislaine Ceslestino Dutra, Moraes, Marília Mazzi, Parra, Maisa Carla Pereira, Negri, Andreia Francesli, Boldrin, Ana Carolina, Barcelos, Michela Dias, dos Santos, Thayza M. I. L., Milhim, Bruno H. G. A., Rocha, Leonardo Cecílio, Dourado, Fernanda Simões, dos Santos, Andresa Lopes, Ciconi, Victoria Bernardi, Patuto, Caio, Versiani, Alice Freitas, da Silva, Rafael Alves, de Oliveira Lobl, Edoardo Estevam, Hernandes, Victor Miranda, Zini, Nathalia, Pacca, Carolina Colombelli, Estofolete, Cássia Fernanda, Ferreira, Helena Lage, Rahal, Paula, Araújo, João Pessoa, Cohen, Jamie A., Kerr, Cliff C., Althouse, Benjamin M., Vasilakis, Nikos, Nogueira, Mauricio Lacerda
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9053258/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35603276
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43856-022-00108-5
Descripción
Sumario:BACKGROUND: The emergence of the Brazilian variant of concern, Gamma lineage (P.1), impacted the epidemiological profile of COVID-19 cases due to its higher transmissibility rate and immune evasion ability. METHODS: We sequenced 305 SARS-CoV-2 whole-genomes and performed phylogenetic analyses to identify introduction events and the circulating lineages. Additionally, we use epidemiological data of COVID-19 cases, severe cases, and deaths to measure the impact of vaccination coverage and mortality risk. RESULTS: Here we show that Gamma introduction in São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil, was followed by the displacement of seven circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants and a rapid increase in prevalence two months after its first detection in January 2021. Moreover, Gamma variant is associated with increased mortality risk and severity of COVID-19 cases in younger age groups, which corresponds to the unvaccinated population at the time. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight the beneficial effects of vaccination indicated by a pronounced reduction of severe cases and deaths in immunized individuals, reinforcing the need for rapid and massive vaccination.