An ionic diode based on a spontaneously formed polypyrrole-modified graphene oxide membrane

Asymmetric membranes derived from the stacking of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets have attracted great attention for the fabrication of ionic diodes. Herein, we described an ionic diode based on a polypyrrole-modified GO membrane with a vertical asymmetry, which was achieved by a spontaneous oxidation polymerization of pyrrole monomers on one side of the GO membrane in vapor phase. This asymmetric modification resulted in an asymmetric geometry due to the occupation of the interlayer space of one side of the GO membrane by polypyrrole. Our ionic diode demonstrated an obvious ionic rectification behavior over a wide voltage range. A calculation based on Poisson–Nernst–Planck equations was used to theoretically investigate the role of asymmetric modification of polypyrrole.