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Variation in pH gradients and FLO11 expression in mat biofilms from environmental isolates of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Saccharomyces cerevisiae produces a multicellular phenotype, known as a mat, on a semi‐solid medium. This biofilm phenotype was first described in the lab strain Σ1278b and has been analyzed mostly in this same background. Yeast cells form a mat by spreading across the medium and adhering to each ot...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9059236/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35478280 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.1277 |
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author | Forehand, Amy L. Myagmarsuren, Dulguun Chen, Ziyan Murphy, Helen A. |
author_facet | Forehand, Amy L. Myagmarsuren, Dulguun Chen, Ziyan Murphy, Helen A. |
author_sort | Forehand, Amy L. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Saccharomyces cerevisiae produces a multicellular phenotype, known as a mat, on a semi‐solid medium. This biofilm phenotype was first described in the lab strain Σ1278b and has been analyzed mostly in this same background. Yeast cells form a mat by spreading across the medium and adhering to each other and the surface, in part through the variegated expression of the cell adhesion, FLO11. This process creates a characteristic floral pattern and generates pH and glucose gradients outward from the center of the mat. Mats are encapsulated in a liquid which may aid in surface spreading and diffusion. Here, we examine thirteen environmental isolates that vary visually in the phenotype. We predicted that mat properties were universal and increased morphological complexity would be associated with more extreme trait values. Our results showed that pH varied significantly among strains, but was not correlated to mat complexity. Only two isolates generated significant liquid boundaries and neither produced visually complex mats. In five isolates, we tracked the initiation of FLO11 using green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of the endogenous promoter. Strains varied in when and how much GFP was detected, with increased signal associated with increased morphological complexity. Generally, the signal was strongest in the center of the mat and absent at the expanding edge. Our results show that traits discovered in one background vary and exist independently of mat complexity in natural isolates. The environment may favor different sets of traits, which could have implications for how this yeast adapts to its many ecological niches. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9059236 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90592362022-05-03 Variation in pH gradients and FLO11 expression in mat biofilms from environmental isolates of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Forehand, Amy L. Myagmarsuren, Dulguun Chen, Ziyan Murphy, Helen A. Microbiologyopen Original Articles Saccharomyces cerevisiae produces a multicellular phenotype, known as a mat, on a semi‐solid medium. This biofilm phenotype was first described in the lab strain Σ1278b and has been analyzed mostly in this same background. Yeast cells form a mat by spreading across the medium and adhering to each other and the surface, in part through the variegated expression of the cell adhesion, FLO11. This process creates a characteristic floral pattern and generates pH and glucose gradients outward from the center of the mat. Mats are encapsulated in a liquid which may aid in surface spreading and diffusion. Here, we examine thirteen environmental isolates that vary visually in the phenotype. We predicted that mat properties were universal and increased morphological complexity would be associated with more extreme trait values. Our results showed that pH varied significantly among strains, but was not correlated to mat complexity. Only two isolates generated significant liquid boundaries and neither produced visually complex mats. In five isolates, we tracked the initiation of FLO11 using green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of the endogenous promoter. Strains varied in when and how much GFP was detected, with increased signal associated with increased morphological complexity. Generally, the signal was strongest in the center of the mat and absent at the expanding edge. Our results show that traits discovered in one background vary and exist independently of mat complexity in natural isolates. The environment may favor different sets of traits, which could have implications for how this yeast adapts to its many ecological niches. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-03-25 /pmc/articles/PMC9059236/ /pubmed/35478280 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.1277 Text en © 2022 The Authors. MicrobiologyOpen published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Articles Forehand, Amy L. Myagmarsuren, Dulguun Chen, Ziyan Murphy, Helen A. Variation in pH gradients and FLO11 expression in mat biofilms from environmental isolates of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
title | Variation in pH gradients and FLO11 expression in mat biofilms from environmental isolates of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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title_full | Variation in pH gradients and FLO11 expression in mat biofilms from environmental isolates of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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title_fullStr | Variation in pH gradients and FLO11 expression in mat biofilms from environmental isolates of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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title_full_unstemmed | Variation in pH gradients and FLO11 expression in mat biofilms from environmental isolates of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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title_short | Variation in pH gradients and FLO11 expression in mat biofilms from environmental isolates of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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title_sort | variation in ph gradients and flo11 expression in mat biofilms from environmental isolates of the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae |
topic | Original Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9059236/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35478280 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.1277 |
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