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The Game for Three: Salmonella–Host–Microbiota Interaction Models

Colonization of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract by enteric pathogens occurs in a context strongly determined by host-specific gut microbiota, which can significantly affect the outcome of infection. The complex gameplay between the trillions of microbes that inhabit the GI tract, the host, and the i...

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Autor principal: Grzymajlo, Krzysztof
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9062650/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35516427
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.854112
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author Grzymajlo, Krzysztof
author_facet Grzymajlo, Krzysztof
author_sort Grzymajlo, Krzysztof
collection PubMed
description Colonization of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract by enteric pathogens occurs in a context strongly determined by host-specific gut microbiota, which can significantly affect the outcome of infection. The complex gameplay between the trillions of microbes that inhabit the GI tract, the host, and the infecting pathogen defines a specific triangle of interaction; therefore, a complete model of infection should consider all of these elements. Many different infection models have been developed to explain the complexity of these interactions. This review sheds light on current knowledge, along with the strengths and limitations of in vitro and in vivo models utilized in the study of Salmonella–host–microbiome interactions. These models range from the simplest experiment simulating environmental conditions using dedicated growth media through in vitro interaction with cell lines and 3-D organoid structure, and sophisticated “gut on a chip” systems, ending in various animal models. Finally, the challenges facing this field of research and the important future directions are outlined.
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spelling pubmed-90626502022-05-04 The Game for Three: Salmonella–Host–Microbiota Interaction Models Grzymajlo, Krzysztof Front Microbiol Microbiology Colonization of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract by enteric pathogens occurs in a context strongly determined by host-specific gut microbiota, which can significantly affect the outcome of infection. The complex gameplay between the trillions of microbes that inhabit the GI tract, the host, and the infecting pathogen defines a specific triangle of interaction; therefore, a complete model of infection should consider all of these elements. Many different infection models have been developed to explain the complexity of these interactions. This review sheds light on current knowledge, along with the strengths and limitations of in vitro and in vivo models utilized in the study of Salmonella–host–microbiome interactions. These models range from the simplest experiment simulating environmental conditions using dedicated growth media through in vitro interaction with cell lines and 3-D organoid structure, and sophisticated “gut on a chip” systems, ending in various animal models. Finally, the challenges facing this field of research and the important future directions are outlined. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-04-18 /pmc/articles/PMC9062650/ /pubmed/35516427 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.854112 Text en Copyright © 2022 Grzymajlo. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Grzymajlo, Krzysztof
The Game for Three: Salmonella–Host–Microbiota Interaction Models
title The Game for Three: Salmonella–Host–Microbiota Interaction Models
title_full The Game for Three: Salmonella–Host–Microbiota Interaction Models
title_fullStr The Game for Three: Salmonella–Host–Microbiota Interaction Models
title_full_unstemmed The Game for Three: Salmonella–Host–Microbiota Interaction Models
title_short The Game for Three: Salmonella–Host–Microbiota Interaction Models
title_sort game for three: salmonella–host–microbiota interaction models
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9062650/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35516427
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.854112
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