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COVID-19 vaccine development: milestones, lessons and prospects

With the constantly mutating of SARS-CoV-2 and the emergence of Variants of Concern (VOC), the implementation of vaccination is critically important. Existing SARS-CoV-2 vaccines mainly include inactivated, live attenuated, viral vector, protein subunit, RNA, DNA, and virus-like particle (VLP) vacci...

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Autores principales: Li, Maochen, Wang, Han, Tian, Lili, Pang, Zehan, Yang, Qingkun, Huang, Tianqi, Fan, Junfen, Song, Lihua, Tong, Yigang, Fan, Huahao
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9062866/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35504917
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41392-022-00996-y
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author Li, Maochen
Wang, Han
Tian, Lili
Pang, Zehan
Yang, Qingkun
Huang, Tianqi
Fan, Junfen
Song, Lihua
Tong, Yigang
Fan, Huahao
author_facet Li, Maochen
Wang, Han
Tian, Lili
Pang, Zehan
Yang, Qingkun
Huang, Tianqi
Fan, Junfen
Song, Lihua
Tong, Yigang
Fan, Huahao
author_sort Li, Maochen
collection PubMed
description With the constantly mutating of SARS-CoV-2 and the emergence of Variants of Concern (VOC), the implementation of vaccination is critically important. Existing SARS-CoV-2 vaccines mainly include inactivated, live attenuated, viral vector, protein subunit, RNA, DNA, and virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines. Viral vector vaccines, protein subunit vaccines, and mRNA vaccines may induce additional cellular or humoral immune regulations, including Th cell responses and germinal center responses, and form relevant memory cells, greatly improving their efficiency. However, some viral vector or mRNA vaccines may be associated with complications like thrombocytopenia and myocarditis, raising concerns about the safety of these COVID-19 vaccines. Here, we systemically assess the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines, including the possible complications and different effects on pregnant women, the elderly, people with immune diseases and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), transplant recipients, and cancer patients. Based on the current analysis, governments and relevant agencies are recommended to continue to advance the vaccine immunization process. Simultaneously, special attention should be paid to the health status of the vaccines, timely treatment of complications, vaccine development, and ensuring the lives and health of patients. In addition, available measures such as mix-and-match vaccination, developing new vaccines like nanoparticle vaccines, and optimizing immune adjuvant to improve vaccine safety and efficacy could be considered.
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spelling pubmed-90628662022-05-03 COVID-19 vaccine development: milestones, lessons and prospects Li, Maochen Wang, Han Tian, Lili Pang, Zehan Yang, Qingkun Huang, Tianqi Fan, Junfen Song, Lihua Tong, Yigang Fan, Huahao Signal Transduct Target Ther Review Article With the constantly mutating of SARS-CoV-2 and the emergence of Variants of Concern (VOC), the implementation of vaccination is critically important. Existing SARS-CoV-2 vaccines mainly include inactivated, live attenuated, viral vector, protein subunit, RNA, DNA, and virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines. Viral vector vaccines, protein subunit vaccines, and mRNA vaccines may induce additional cellular or humoral immune regulations, including Th cell responses and germinal center responses, and form relevant memory cells, greatly improving their efficiency. However, some viral vector or mRNA vaccines may be associated with complications like thrombocytopenia and myocarditis, raising concerns about the safety of these COVID-19 vaccines. Here, we systemically assess the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines, including the possible complications and different effects on pregnant women, the elderly, people with immune diseases and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), transplant recipients, and cancer patients. Based on the current analysis, governments and relevant agencies are recommended to continue to advance the vaccine immunization process. Simultaneously, special attention should be paid to the health status of the vaccines, timely treatment of complications, vaccine development, and ensuring the lives and health of patients. In addition, available measures such as mix-and-match vaccination, developing new vaccines like nanoparticle vaccines, and optimizing immune adjuvant to improve vaccine safety and efficacy could be considered. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-05-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9062866/ /pubmed/35504917 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41392-022-00996-y Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Review Article
Li, Maochen
Wang, Han
Tian, Lili
Pang, Zehan
Yang, Qingkun
Huang, Tianqi
Fan, Junfen
Song, Lihua
Tong, Yigang
Fan, Huahao
COVID-19 vaccine development: milestones, lessons and prospects
title COVID-19 vaccine development: milestones, lessons and prospects
title_full COVID-19 vaccine development: milestones, lessons and prospects
title_fullStr COVID-19 vaccine development: milestones, lessons and prospects
title_full_unstemmed COVID-19 vaccine development: milestones, lessons and prospects
title_short COVID-19 vaccine development: milestones, lessons and prospects
title_sort covid-19 vaccine development: milestones, lessons and prospects
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9062866/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35504917
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41392-022-00996-y
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