Adenomyosis-associated recurrent acute cerebral infarction mimicking Trousseau’s syndrome: A case study and review of literature

BACKGROUND: Adenomyosis is a common and benign uterine disease. Acute cerebral infarction (CI) associated with adenomyosis is rarely reported and difficult to treat. We experienced successful treatment for this disease. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 50-year-old woman presented with a 2-day history of visual disturbance. Magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple tiny diffusion-weighted high-density spots on several lobes. No common risk factors for stroke were detected. Cancer antigen 125 level was 999 U/mL, along with massively expanded uterus and adnexa. Based on the diagnosis of benign adenomyosis, Xa inhibitor and GnRH agonists were administered for CI and adenomyosis, respectively. Acute CI recurred 7 days after admission. We suspected a relationship between infarction and adenomyosis and concluded hysterectomy as a proper treatment strategy based on the literature. Eighteen months after hysterectomy, no recurrence of CI without anti-thrombus medications has been detected. CONCLUSION: Hysterectomy is a radical therapy that is effective in preventing acute CI due to adenomyosis associated with ischemic symptoms.