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Enteric Nervous System: The Bridge Between the Gut Microbiota and Neurological Disorders

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract plays an essential role in food digestion, absorption, and the mucosal immune system; it is also inhabited by a huge range of microbes. The GI tract is densely innervated by a network of 200–600 million neurons that comprise the enteric nervous system (ENS). This syst...

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Autores principales: Geng, Zi-Han, Zhu, Yan, Li, Quan-Lin, Zhao, Chao, Zhou, Ping-Hong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9063565/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35517052
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2022.810483
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author Geng, Zi-Han
Zhu, Yan
Li, Quan-Lin
Zhao, Chao
Zhou, Ping-Hong
author_facet Geng, Zi-Han
Zhu, Yan
Li, Quan-Lin
Zhao, Chao
Zhou, Ping-Hong
author_sort Geng, Zi-Han
collection PubMed
description The gastrointestinal (GI) tract plays an essential role in food digestion, absorption, and the mucosal immune system; it is also inhabited by a huge range of microbes. The GI tract is densely innervated by a network of 200–600 million neurons that comprise the enteric nervous system (ENS). This system cooperates with intestinal microbes, the intestinal immune system, and endocrine systems; it forms a complex network that is required to maintain a stable intestinal microenvironment. Understanding how gut microbes influence the ENS and central nervous system (CNS) has been a significant research subject over the past decade. Moreover, accumulating evidence from animal and clinical studies has revealed that gut microbiota play important roles in various neurological diseases. However, the causal relationship between microbial changes and neurological disorders currently remains unproven. This review aims to summarize the possible contributions of GI microbiota to the ENS and CNS. It also provides new insights into furthering our current understanding of neurological disorders.
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spelling pubmed-90635652022-05-04 Enteric Nervous System: The Bridge Between the Gut Microbiota and Neurological Disorders Geng, Zi-Han Zhu, Yan Li, Quan-Lin Zhao, Chao Zhou, Ping-Hong Front Aging Neurosci Neuroscience The gastrointestinal (GI) tract plays an essential role in food digestion, absorption, and the mucosal immune system; it is also inhabited by a huge range of microbes. The GI tract is densely innervated by a network of 200–600 million neurons that comprise the enteric nervous system (ENS). This system cooperates with intestinal microbes, the intestinal immune system, and endocrine systems; it forms a complex network that is required to maintain a stable intestinal microenvironment. Understanding how gut microbes influence the ENS and central nervous system (CNS) has been a significant research subject over the past decade. Moreover, accumulating evidence from animal and clinical studies has revealed that gut microbiota play important roles in various neurological diseases. However, the causal relationship between microbial changes and neurological disorders currently remains unproven. This review aims to summarize the possible contributions of GI microbiota to the ENS and CNS. It also provides new insights into furthering our current understanding of neurological disorders. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-04-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9063565/ /pubmed/35517052 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2022.810483 Text en Copyright © 2022 Geng, Zhu, Li, Zhao and Zhou. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Geng, Zi-Han
Zhu, Yan
Li, Quan-Lin
Zhao, Chao
Zhou, Ping-Hong
Enteric Nervous System: The Bridge Between the Gut Microbiota and Neurological Disorders
title Enteric Nervous System: The Bridge Between the Gut Microbiota and Neurological Disorders
title_full Enteric Nervous System: The Bridge Between the Gut Microbiota and Neurological Disorders
title_fullStr Enteric Nervous System: The Bridge Between the Gut Microbiota and Neurological Disorders
title_full_unstemmed Enteric Nervous System: The Bridge Between the Gut Microbiota and Neurological Disorders
title_short Enteric Nervous System: The Bridge Between the Gut Microbiota and Neurological Disorders
title_sort enteric nervous system: the bridge between the gut microbiota and neurological disorders
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9063565/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35517052
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2022.810483
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