Promotional effect of silver nanoparticle embedded Ga–Zr-codoped TiO(2) as an alternative anode for efficient blue, green and red PHOLEDs

Efficient blue, green and red phosphorescent OLEDs have been harvested from silver nanoparticles embedded at a glass:Ga–Zr-codoped TiO(2) interface. The embedded silver nanoparticles at the interface removed the non productive hole current and enhanced the efficiencies. The blue emitting device (456 nm) with emissive layer Ir(fni)(3) exhibits a maximum luminance (L) of 40 512 cd m(−2) (ITO – 37 623 cd m(−2)), current efficiency (η(c)) of 41.3 cd A(−1) (ITO – 40.5 cd A(−1)) and power efficiency (η(p)) of 43.1 lm w(−1) (ITO – 39.8 lm w(−1)) and external quantum efficiency (η(ex)) of 19.4% (ITO – 6.9%). A newly fabricated green device based on emissive layer Ir(tfpdni)(2)(pic) shows intensified emission at 514 nm, luminance of 46 435 cd m(−2) (ITO – 40 986 cd m(−2)), current efficiency of 49.7 cd A(−1) (ITO – 47.3 cd A(−1)), power efficiency of 48.6 lm w(−1) (ITO – 41.4 lm w(−1)) and external quantum efficiency of 17.5% (ITO – 14.9%). The red device (618 nm) with emissive layer Ir(bbt)(2)(acac) shows luminance of 8936 cd m(−2) (ITO – 8043 cd m(−2)), current efficiency of 6.9 cd A(−1) (ITO – 4.6 cd A(−1)), power efficiency of 5.7 lm w(−1) (ITO – 4.9 lm w(−1)) and external quantum efficiency of 9.3% (ITO – 6.9%).