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One-step fabrication of nanosized LiFePO(4)/expanded graphite composites with a particle growth inhibitor and enhanced electrochemical performance of aqueous Li-ion capacitors

It is reported that olivine-type lithium iron phosphate (LFP) for Li-ion batteries is one of the most widely utilized cathode materials, but its high-power applications are limited due to its intrinsically poor ion transfer rate and conductivity. Therefore, it is highly desired to fabricate LFP Li-i...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Lv, Shixian, Zhang, Xugang, Zhang, Pengxue, Xiang, Junyu, Li, Yawen, Qiu, Shen, Qin, Chuanli
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Royal Society of Chemistry 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9064004/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35519317
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra02248a
Descripción
Sumario:It is reported that olivine-type lithium iron phosphate (LFP) for Li-ion batteries is one of the most widely utilized cathode materials, but its high-power applications are limited due to its intrinsically poor ion transfer rate and conductivity. Therefore, it is highly desired to fabricate LFP Li-ion capacitors (LICs) with high power performance and excellent cyclic reversibility, especially in safe, low cost and environmentally friendly aqueous electrolytes. Here, we fabricate LFP/expanded graphite (EG) nanocomposites by a one-step process, in which polyethylene glycol (PEG) is used as the particle growth inhibitor combined with vacuum infiltration of the LFP precursor into EG as a conductive sub-phase, and further investigate their high-power performance in aqueous LICs. Embedding spherical LFP nanoparticles with well-controlled size and agglomeration into the pores of EG and wrapping LFP nanoparticles by EG films contribute to the rapid electron and ion diffusion in LFP/EG composites, resulting in excellent cyclic reversibility and rate performance of LFP/EG composites. The aqueous LFP/EG//active carbon (AC) LICs were assembled in LiNO(3) electrolytes with LFP/EG composites and AC as the positive and negative electrodes, respectively. The optimal LIC shows a power density of 2367.9 W kg(−1) at an energy density of 6.5 W h kg(−1), dramatically favorable rate characteristics and excellent cycle life with 82.1% capacitance retention of its primary capacitance at 2 A g(−1) after 6000 cycles, markedly higher than those of the commercial LFP LIC. The presented aqueous LFP/EG//AC LICs with excellent electrochemical performance are expected to have broad high-power appliances that are cost-sensitive and highly secure.