A 5-Year-Old Female With an Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of the Proximal Humerus

An aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a non-malignant, skeletal tumor that is extremely rare and most commonly presents within the first two decades of life. Genetic mutation of the USP6 gene on chromosome 17 remains to be the most commonly accepted reasoning as ABC’s etiology remains unknown. As the radiographic appearance of ABC is quite similar to other kinds of bone cysts, a histological diagnosis is often required to attain a definitive diagnosis. Curettage remains the gold standard treatment with high chances of local recurrence. Evidence has shown the beneficial applications of administering a sclerosing agent. Further trials would improve the level of evidence available for physicians to make a better management plan. We have demonstrated the treatment of an aneurysm bone cyst of the proximal humerus on a 5-year-old female in this report, which might be utilized as a reference for future procedures.