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Efficient conversion of ethanol to 1-butanol and C(5)–C(9) alcohols over calcium carbide
Production of 1-butanol or alcohols with 4–9 carbon atoms (C(4)–C(9) alcohols) from widely available bio-ethanol has attracted much interest in recent years in academia and industry of renewable chemicals and liquid fuels. This work discloses for the first time that calcium carbide (CaC(2)) has a su...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Royal Society of Chemistry
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9065079/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35516851 http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra02568e |
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author | Wang, Dong Liu, Zhenyu Liu, Qingya |
author_facet | Wang, Dong Liu, Zhenyu Liu, Qingya |
author_sort | Wang, Dong |
collection | PubMed |
description | Production of 1-butanol or alcohols with 4–9 carbon atoms (C(4)–C(9) alcohols) from widely available bio-ethanol has attracted much interest in recent years in academia and industry of renewable chemicals and liquid fuels. This work discloses for the first time that calcium carbide (CaC(2)) has a superior catalytic activity in condensation of ethanol to C(4)–C(9) alcohols at 275–300 °C. The 1-butanol yield reached up to 24.5% with ethanol conversion of 62.4% at the optimized conditions. The by-products are mainly alcohols with 5–9 carbons besides 2-butanol, and the total yield of all the alcohols reached up to 56.3%. The reaction route was investigated through controlled experiments and quantitative analysis of the products. Results indicated that two reaction routes, aldol-condensation and self-condensation, took place simultaneously. The aldol-condensation route involves coupling of ethanol with acetaldehyde (formed from ethanol dehydrogenation) to form 2-butenol, which is subsequently hydrogenated to 1-butanol. The alkynyl moiety in CaC(2) plays an important role in the catalytic pathways of both routes and affords the good activity of CaC(2). CaC(2) is converted to acetylene [C(2)H(2)] and calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)(2)] simultaneously by the H(2)O that was generated from the condensation of alcohols. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9065079 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | The Royal Society of Chemistry |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90650792022-05-04 Efficient conversion of ethanol to 1-butanol and C(5)–C(9) alcohols over calcium carbide Wang, Dong Liu, Zhenyu Liu, Qingya RSC Adv Chemistry Production of 1-butanol or alcohols with 4–9 carbon atoms (C(4)–C(9) alcohols) from widely available bio-ethanol has attracted much interest in recent years in academia and industry of renewable chemicals and liquid fuels. This work discloses for the first time that calcium carbide (CaC(2)) has a superior catalytic activity in condensation of ethanol to C(4)–C(9) alcohols at 275–300 °C. The 1-butanol yield reached up to 24.5% with ethanol conversion of 62.4% at the optimized conditions. The by-products are mainly alcohols with 5–9 carbons besides 2-butanol, and the total yield of all the alcohols reached up to 56.3%. The reaction route was investigated through controlled experiments and quantitative analysis of the products. Results indicated that two reaction routes, aldol-condensation and self-condensation, took place simultaneously. The aldol-condensation route involves coupling of ethanol with acetaldehyde (formed from ethanol dehydrogenation) to form 2-butenol, which is subsequently hydrogenated to 1-butanol. The alkynyl moiety in CaC(2) plays an important role in the catalytic pathways of both routes and affords the good activity of CaC(2). CaC(2) is converted to acetylene [C(2)H(2)] and calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)(2)] simultaneously by the H(2)O that was generated from the condensation of alcohols. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2019-06-17 /pmc/articles/PMC9065079/ /pubmed/35516851 http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra02568e Text en This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ |
spellingShingle | Chemistry Wang, Dong Liu, Zhenyu Liu, Qingya Efficient conversion of ethanol to 1-butanol and C(5)–C(9) alcohols over calcium carbide |
title | Efficient conversion of ethanol to 1-butanol and C(5)–C(9) alcohols over calcium carbide |
title_full | Efficient conversion of ethanol to 1-butanol and C(5)–C(9) alcohols over calcium carbide |
title_fullStr | Efficient conversion of ethanol to 1-butanol and C(5)–C(9) alcohols over calcium carbide |
title_full_unstemmed | Efficient conversion of ethanol to 1-butanol and C(5)–C(9) alcohols over calcium carbide |
title_short | Efficient conversion of ethanol to 1-butanol and C(5)–C(9) alcohols over calcium carbide |
title_sort | efficient conversion of ethanol to 1-butanol and c(5)–c(9) alcohols over calcium carbide |
topic | Chemistry |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9065079/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35516851 http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra02568e |
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