Dielectric characterization and modelling of aqueous solutions involving sodium chloride and sucrose and application to the design of a bi-parameter RF-sensor

This paper reports on dielectric properties of ternary mixtures involving sodium chloride (NaCl) and sucrose (C(12)H(22)O(11)) dissolved into water (H(2)O). Broadband electromagnetic characterizations of such mixtures at various concentrations were performed, evidencing a dual behavior made of conductive effects at low frequencies and dipolar relaxation at microwave frequencies. Conductive and dielectric properties resulting from these both effects were integrated into predictive models for variations of Cole–Cole model parameters. Based upon this modelling, an innovative microwave-based sensor able to retrieve concentrations of both sodium chloride and sucrose in ternary aqueous solutions was introduced, designed, realized and assessed. The proposed sensor shows an error lower than 5.5% for concentration ranges of 0 to 154 mmol/L for sodium chloride and 0 to 877 mmol/L for sucrose.