Prognosis of patients with active cancer undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation: An insight from Japanese multicenter registry

BACKGROUND: Malignancy is common in older adults undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), and may affect prognosis. The present study aimed to examine whether active cancer affects all-cause mortality rates among patients undergoing TAVI. METHODS: This retrospective study examined data from 1,114 consecutive patients treated between April 2010 and June 2019. Patients with life expectancy of <1 year due to non-cardiac causes were excluded. RESULTS: Active cancer was defined as cancer under treatment or cured within 1 year, and was recognized in 62 patients (5.6%) with (n = 17) and without (n = 45) metastases. In multivariate analysis, being female (hazard ratio [HR] 0.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.39–0.77, p < 0.001), body mass index (BMI) (HR = 0.92 per 1 kg/m(2) increase, 95% CI 0.87–0.97, p = 0.001), New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III/IV (HR = 1.53, 95% CI 1.06–2.20, p = 0.022), atrial fibrillation (HR = 2.40, 95% CI 1.70–3.38, p < 0.001), albumin levels (HR = 0.41 per 1-g/dl, 95% CI 0.30–0.57, p < 0.001), and cancer metastasis (HR = 5.28, 95% CI 1.86–14.9, p = 0.001) were associated with all-cause mortality after TAVI. CONCLUSION: In patients undergoing TAVI, being female, high BMI, NYHA class III/IV, atrial fibrillation, albumin levels, and cancer metastasis were factors associated with mortality. Meanwhile, active cancer without metastasis was not associated with increased mortality rates. These findings would help clinical decision-making by patients and physicians. Clinical trial registration: UMIN000031133.