Structure and excitation-dependent emission of novel zinc complexes with pyridyltriazoles

A series of Zn(ii) complexes with 5-(4-R-phenyl)-3-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazoles have been synthesized and subsequently characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, (1)H-NMR, FT-IR spectroscopy, elemental analyses, ESI-MS, and PXRD. The X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that the complexes have a similar molecular structure and their supramolecular frameworks are constructed by hydrogen bonds and π⋯π interaction scaffolds. Upon irradiation with UV light, the studied complexes display deep blue emission at 396–436 nm in the solid state. The compounds show an unexpected excitation-dependent emission phenomenon which is detected by a change in the emission color (from blue to yellow) upon increase of the excitation wavelength. The conducted quantum-chemical calculations indicate that supramolecular differences in the single-crystal architecture of the synthesized complexes play a crucial role for this photophysical behaviour.