Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Lacrimal Gland: A Case Report

BACKGROUND: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), a tumour previously believed to occur exclusively in the major salivary glands, was atypically recognized in the lacrimal gland. Few ophthalmologists are familiar with this rare neoplasm. AIM: This case is being reported for its rarity and the association with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). CASE PRESENTATION: High-grade MEC of the lacrimal gland of the right eye was diagnosed in an orbital exenteration specimen of a 60-year-old HIV-positive man. He presented to the eye unit of a mission hospital in Jos, Nigeria with significant visual impairment in the right eye and a rapidly growing painful superolateral orbital mass. The tumour invaded and completely obliterated the anterior chamber. The lens, ciliary body, and iris were displaced posteriorly but were free from tumour infiltration. The tumour was exenterated, and the patient was subsequently referred for adjuvant radiotherapy. No evidence of recurrence or metastasis has been noted 15 months post-surgery. CONCLUSION: Early and decisive surgical intervention in a case of high-grade MEC of the lacrimal gland is crucial in forestalling local invasion as well as distant metastasis. Because of the possibility of local recurrence, adjuvant radiotherapy is required and close follow-up of the patient is warranted.