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Beyond comorbidities, sex and age have no effect on COVID-19 health care demand
This paper explores the associations between sex, age and hospital health care pressure in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Portuguese mainland municipalities. To represent the impact of sex and age, we calculated COVID-19 standardised incidence ratios (SIR) in Portuguese mainland municipalit...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9069423/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35513438 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-11376-5 |
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author | Mendes, Jorge M. Baptista, Helena Oliveira, André Jardim, Bruno de Castro Neto, Miguel |
author_facet | Mendes, Jorge M. Baptista, Helena Oliveira, André Jardim, Bruno de Castro Neto, Miguel |
author_sort | Mendes, Jorge M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | This paper explores the associations between sex, age and hospital health care pressure in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Portuguese mainland municipalities. To represent the impact of sex and age, we calculated COVID-19 standardised incidence ratios (SIR) in Portuguese mainland municipalities over fourteen months daily, especially focusing on the Porto metropolitan area. A daily novel indicator was devised for hospital health care pressure, consisting of an approximation to the ratio of hospitalisations per available hospital medical doctor (HPI). In addition, 14-day incidence rates were also calculated daily (DIR14), both as an approach and an alternative to the current national pandemic surveillance indicator (which is not calculated with such regularity). Daily maps were first visualised to evaluate spatial patterns. Pearson's correlation coefficients were then calculated between each proposed surveillance indicator (SIR and DIR14) and the HPI. Our results suggest that hospital pressure is not strongly associated with SIR (r = 0.34, p value = 0.08). However, DIR14 bears a stronger correlation with hospital pressure (r = 0.84, p value < 0.001). By establishing the importance of tackling sex and age through the inclusion of these factors explicitly in an epidemiological monitoring indicator, and assessing its relationship with a hospital pressure indicator, our findings have public policy implications that could improve COVID-19 incidence surveillance in Portugal and elsewhere, contributing to advancing the management of potential pandemics in the near future, with a particular focus on local and regional territorial scales. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9069423 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90694232022-05-04 Beyond comorbidities, sex and age have no effect on COVID-19 health care demand Mendes, Jorge M. Baptista, Helena Oliveira, André Jardim, Bruno de Castro Neto, Miguel Sci Rep Article This paper explores the associations between sex, age and hospital health care pressure in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Portuguese mainland municipalities. To represent the impact of sex and age, we calculated COVID-19 standardised incidence ratios (SIR) in Portuguese mainland municipalities over fourteen months daily, especially focusing on the Porto metropolitan area. A daily novel indicator was devised for hospital health care pressure, consisting of an approximation to the ratio of hospitalisations per available hospital medical doctor (HPI). In addition, 14-day incidence rates were also calculated daily (DIR14), both as an approach and an alternative to the current national pandemic surveillance indicator (which is not calculated with such regularity). Daily maps were first visualised to evaluate spatial patterns. Pearson's correlation coefficients were then calculated between each proposed surveillance indicator (SIR and DIR14) and the HPI. Our results suggest that hospital pressure is not strongly associated with SIR (r = 0.34, p value = 0.08). However, DIR14 bears a stronger correlation with hospital pressure (r = 0.84, p value < 0.001). By establishing the importance of tackling sex and age through the inclusion of these factors explicitly in an epidemiological monitoring indicator, and assessing its relationship with a hospital pressure indicator, our findings have public policy implications that could improve COVID-19 incidence surveillance in Portugal and elsewhere, contributing to advancing the management of potential pandemics in the near future, with a particular focus on local and regional territorial scales. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-05-05 /pmc/articles/PMC9069423/ /pubmed/35513438 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-11376-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Mendes, Jorge M. Baptista, Helena Oliveira, André Jardim, Bruno de Castro Neto, Miguel Beyond comorbidities, sex and age have no effect on COVID-19 health care demand |
title | Beyond comorbidities, sex and age have no effect on COVID-19 health care demand |
title_full | Beyond comorbidities, sex and age have no effect on COVID-19 health care demand |
title_fullStr | Beyond comorbidities, sex and age have no effect on COVID-19 health care demand |
title_full_unstemmed | Beyond comorbidities, sex and age have no effect on COVID-19 health care demand |
title_short | Beyond comorbidities, sex and age have no effect on COVID-19 health care demand |
title_sort | beyond comorbidities, sex and age have no effect on covid-19 health care demand |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9069423/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35513438 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-11376-5 |
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