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Multiple nutrient transporters enable cells to mitigate a rate-affinity tradeoff
Eukaryotic genomes often encode multiple transporters for the same nutrient. For example, budding yeast has 17 hexose transporters (HXTs), all of which potentially transport glucose. Using mathematical modelling, we show that transporters that use either facilitated diffusion or symport can have a r...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9071158/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35468136 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010060 |
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author | Montaño-Gutierrez, Luis Fernando Correia, Kevin Swain, Peter S. |
author_facet | Montaño-Gutierrez, Luis Fernando Correia, Kevin Swain, Peter S. |
author_sort | Montaño-Gutierrez, Luis Fernando |
collection | PubMed |
description | Eukaryotic genomes often encode multiple transporters for the same nutrient. For example, budding yeast has 17 hexose transporters (HXTs), all of which potentially transport glucose. Using mathematical modelling, we show that transporters that use either facilitated diffusion or symport can have a rate-affinity tradeoff, where an increase in the maximal rate of transport decreases the transporter’s apparent affinity. These changes affect the import flux non-monotonically, and for a given concentration of extracellular nutrient there is one transporter, characterised by its affinity, that has a higher import flux than any other. Through encoding multiple transporters, cells can therefore mitigate the tradeoff by expressing those transporters with higher affinities in lower concentrations of nutrients. We verify our predictions using fluorescent tagging of seven HXT genes in budding yeast and follow their expression over time in batch culture. Using the known affinities of the corresponding transporters, we show that their regulation in glucose is broadly consistent with a rate-affinity tradeoff: as glucose falls, the levels of the different transporters peak in an order that mostly follows their affinity for glucose. More generally, evolution is constrained by tradeoffs. Our findings indicate that one such tradeoff often occurs in the cellular transport of nutrients. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9071158 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90711582022-05-06 Multiple nutrient transporters enable cells to mitigate a rate-affinity tradeoff Montaño-Gutierrez, Luis Fernando Correia, Kevin Swain, Peter S. PLoS Comput Biol Research Article Eukaryotic genomes often encode multiple transporters for the same nutrient. For example, budding yeast has 17 hexose transporters (HXTs), all of which potentially transport glucose. Using mathematical modelling, we show that transporters that use either facilitated diffusion or symport can have a rate-affinity tradeoff, where an increase in the maximal rate of transport decreases the transporter’s apparent affinity. These changes affect the import flux non-monotonically, and for a given concentration of extracellular nutrient there is one transporter, characterised by its affinity, that has a higher import flux than any other. Through encoding multiple transporters, cells can therefore mitigate the tradeoff by expressing those transporters with higher affinities in lower concentrations of nutrients. We verify our predictions using fluorescent tagging of seven HXT genes in budding yeast and follow their expression over time in batch culture. Using the known affinities of the corresponding transporters, we show that their regulation in glucose is broadly consistent with a rate-affinity tradeoff: as glucose falls, the levels of the different transporters peak in an order that mostly follows their affinity for glucose. More generally, evolution is constrained by tradeoffs. Our findings indicate that one such tradeoff often occurs in the cellular transport of nutrients. Public Library of Science 2022-04-25 /pmc/articles/PMC9071158/ /pubmed/35468136 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010060 Text en © 2022 Montaño-Gutierrez et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Montaño-Gutierrez, Luis Fernando Correia, Kevin Swain, Peter S. Multiple nutrient transporters enable cells to mitigate a rate-affinity tradeoff |
title | Multiple nutrient transporters enable cells to mitigate a rate-affinity tradeoff |
title_full | Multiple nutrient transporters enable cells to mitigate a rate-affinity tradeoff |
title_fullStr | Multiple nutrient transporters enable cells to mitigate a rate-affinity tradeoff |
title_full_unstemmed | Multiple nutrient transporters enable cells to mitigate a rate-affinity tradeoff |
title_short | Multiple nutrient transporters enable cells to mitigate a rate-affinity tradeoff |
title_sort | multiple nutrient transporters enable cells to mitigate a rate-affinity tradeoff |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9071158/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35468136 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010060 |
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