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Social factors and chronic pain: the modifying effect of sex in the Stockholm Public Health Cohort Study
OBJECTIVES: To assess the relationship between social factors (socio-economic status, household load and job strain) and chronic pain occurrence, and the role of gender in this relationship. METHODS: We used data corresponding to 8 years of follow-up of the Stockholm Public Health Cohort Study (2006...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9071550/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34240143 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keab528 |
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author | Prego-Domínguez, Jesús Skillgate, Eva Orsini, Nicola Takkouche, Bahi |
author_facet | Prego-Domínguez, Jesús Skillgate, Eva Orsini, Nicola Takkouche, Bahi |
author_sort | Prego-Domínguez, Jesús |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVES: To assess the relationship between social factors (socio-economic status, household load and job strain) and chronic pain occurrence, and the role of gender in this relationship. METHODS: We used data corresponding to 8 years of follow-up of the Stockholm Public Health Cohort Study (2006–2014) to compute Adjusted Incidence Rate Ratios (IRRs) and additive interaction measures of chronic pain episodes, social factors, and sex in 16 687 subjects. RESULTS: For men, increased rates of chronic pain occurrence were observed for skilled workers (IRR = 1.27, 95% CI: 0.99, 1.61) and lower non-manual employees (IRR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.78), compared with unskilled workers; subjects with high household load (IRR = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.88), compared with those with a null score; and subjects with active jobs (IRR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.51), compared with those with low-strain jobs. For women, we observed decreased rates of chronic pain occurrence in lower (IRR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.68, 0.99), intermediate (IRR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.63, 0.88) and higher non-manual employees (IRR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.54, 0.79), compared with unskilled workers. Compared with subjects with a null score, women with low household load showed a lower rate of chronic pain occurrence (IRR = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.72, 1.00). Compared with subjects with low-strain jobs, those with passive jobs (IRR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.44) and high-strain jobs (IRR = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.09) showed higher rates of chronic pain occurrence. CONCLUSION: In general, our analysis yielded different, if not opposite, results when data were stratified by sex. Sex may then represent an effect modifier of the relationship between social factors and chronic pain. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9071550 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90715502022-05-06 Social factors and chronic pain: the modifying effect of sex in the Stockholm Public Health Cohort Study Prego-Domínguez, Jesús Skillgate, Eva Orsini, Nicola Takkouche, Bahi Rheumatology (Oxford) Clinical Science OBJECTIVES: To assess the relationship between social factors (socio-economic status, household load and job strain) and chronic pain occurrence, and the role of gender in this relationship. METHODS: We used data corresponding to 8 years of follow-up of the Stockholm Public Health Cohort Study (2006–2014) to compute Adjusted Incidence Rate Ratios (IRRs) and additive interaction measures of chronic pain episodes, social factors, and sex in 16 687 subjects. RESULTS: For men, increased rates of chronic pain occurrence were observed for skilled workers (IRR = 1.27, 95% CI: 0.99, 1.61) and lower non-manual employees (IRR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.78), compared with unskilled workers; subjects with high household load (IRR = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.88), compared with those with a null score; and subjects with active jobs (IRR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.51), compared with those with low-strain jobs. For women, we observed decreased rates of chronic pain occurrence in lower (IRR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.68, 0.99), intermediate (IRR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.63, 0.88) and higher non-manual employees (IRR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.54, 0.79), compared with unskilled workers. Compared with subjects with a null score, women with low household load showed a lower rate of chronic pain occurrence (IRR = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.72, 1.00). Compared with subjects with low-strain jobs, those with passive jobs (IRR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.44) and high-strain jobs (IRR = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.09) showed higher rates of chronic pain occurrence. CONCLUSION: In general, our analysis yielded different, if not opposite, results when data were stratified by sex. Sex may then represent an effect modifier of the relationship between social factors and chronic pain. Oxford University Press 2021-07-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9071550/ /pubmed/34240143 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keab528 Text en © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Rheumatology. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Clinical Science Prego-Domínguez, Jesús Skillgate, Eva Orsini, Nicola Takkouche, Bahi Social factors and chronic pain: the modifying effect of sex in the Stockholm Public Health Cohort Study |
title | Social factors and chronic pain: the modifying effect of sex in the Stockholm Public Health Cohort Study |
title_full | Social factors and chronic pain: the modifying effect of sex in the Stockholm Public Health Cohort Study |
title_fullStr | Social factors and chronic pain: the modifying effect of sex in the Stockholm Public Health Cohort Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Social factors and chronic pain: the modifying effect of sex in the Stockholm Public Health Cohort Study |
title_short | Social factors and chronic pain: the modifying effect of sex in the Stockholm Public Health Cohort Study |
title_sort | social factors and chronic pain: the modifying effect of sex in the stockholm public health cohort study |
topic | Clinical Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9071550/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34240143 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keab528 |
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