Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic-Associated Social Changes on Boys with Moderate to Severe Autism

OBJECTIVES: The COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting social changes have made unprecedented changes in our lifetime with unknown repercussions on children with autism spectrum disorders. We sought to assess the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting social changes on boys with autism spectrum disorder. METHODS: We conducted a survey using the CRISIS-AFAR questionnaire of caregivers of a population of boys (n = 40) with moderate to severe autism spectrum disorder for changes in environment and behavior before and after the pandemic. RESULTS: We found several interesting findings, including an increase in self-injurious behaviors after the start of the pandemic, but not in the level of hyperactivity, anxiety, or aggressive behavior, or amount and frequency of stereotypies/repetitive behaviors in the children before and after the start of the pandemic. There was an increased difficulty in adjusting to new daily routines after the pandemic, as well as increased difficulty falling asleep. CONCLUSIONS: The study showed that a majority of boys with moderate/severe autism in our study were negatively affected by the pandemic across several domains. Additionally, this study highlights the need for educational and mental health resources to be prepared for similar events in the future.