Effect of Intracameral Carbachol and Epinephrine Use on Choroidal Thickness After Uncomplicated Phacoemulsification

BACKGROUND: Safety concerns about drugs used intracamerally during cataract surgery have been the subject of many studies. In this study, the effect of using intracameral carbachol and epinephrine on choroidal thickness was evaluated. MATERIAL/METHODS: This prospective interventional study included 81 eyes of 81 patients undergoing cataract surgery. During cataract surgery, intracameral carbachol was administered to 27 eyes, intracameral epinephrine was administered to 20 eyes, and 34 eyes were the control group. Macular choroidal thickness measurement was performed before, 1 day, and 1 week after phacoemulsification surgery in all patients using optical coherence tomography. RESULTS: Subfoveal choroidal thickness was significantly reduced at day 1 and week 1 in the group receiving intraoperative carbachol compared with preoperative measurement (P=0.016). In addition, choroidal thickness in the 500 μm nasal fovea was significantly reduced in the carbachol group at 1(st) week compared to the preoperative measurement (P=0.008). There was no significant difference in postoperative subfoveal thickness in the intraoperative epinephrine group and control group (P=0.179 and P=0.953, respectively). Choroidal thickness at 1000 μm nasal fovea was significantly higher in the epinephrine group at postoperative 1(st) day than preoperative and postoperative 1(st) week values (P=0.009). CONCLUSIONS: The use of intracameral epinephrine caused an increase in choroidal thickness 1000 μm nasal of the fovea, while intracameral carbachol caused thinning in the subfoveal and 500 μm nasal quadrant. Intracameral drug administration during cataract surgery may be associated with posterior segment complications.