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Movement Disorders in Multiple Sclerosis: An Update

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS), a subset of chronic primary inflammatory demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system, is closely associated with various movement disorders. These disorders may be due to MS pathophysiology or be coincidental. This review describes the full spectrum of...

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Autores principales: Ghosh, Ritwik, Roy, Dipayan, Dubey, Souvik, Das, Shambaditya, Benito-León, Julián
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Ubiquity Press 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9075048/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35601204
http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/tohm.671
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author Ghosh, Ritwik
Roy, Dipayan
Dubey, Souvik
Das, Shambaditya
Benito-León, Julián
author_facet Ghosh, Ritwik
Roy, Dipayan
Dubey, Souvik
Das, Shambaditya
Benito-León, Julián
author_sort Ghosh, Ritwik
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS), a subset of chronic primary inflammatory demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system, is closely associated with various movement disorders. These disorders may be due to MS pathophysiology or be coincidental. This review describes the full spectrum of movement disorders in MS with their possible mechanistic pathways and therapeutic modalities. METHODS: The authors conducted a narrative literature review by searching for ‘multiple sclerosis’ and the specific movement disorder on PubMed until October 2021. Relevant articles were screened, selected, and included in the review according to groups of movement disorders. RESULTS: The most prevalent movement disorders described in MS include restless leg syndrome, tremor, ataxia, parkinsonism, paroxysmal dyskinesias, chorea and ballism, facial myokymia, including hemifacial spasm and spastic paretic hemifacial contracture, tics, and tourettism. The anatomical basis of some of these disorders is poorly understood; however, the link between them and MS is supported by clinical and neuroimaging evidence. Treatment options are disorder-specific and often multidisciplinary, including pharmacological, surgical, and physical therapies. DISCUSSION: Movements disorders in MS involve multiple pathophysiological processes and anatomical pathways. Since these disorders can be the presenting symptoms, they may aid in early diagnosis and managing the patient, including monitoring disease progression. Treatment of these disorders is a challenge. Further work needs to be done to understand the prevalence and the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for movement disorders in MS.
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spelling pubmed-90750482022-05-21 Movement Disorders in Multiple Sclerosis: An Update Ghosh, Ritwik Roy, Dipayan Dubey, Souvik Das, Shambaditya Benito-León, Julián Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y) Review BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS), a subset of chronic primary inflammatory demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system, is closely associated with various movement disorders. These disorders may be due to MS pathophysiology or be coincidental. This review describes the full spectrum of movement disorders in MS with their possible mechanistic pathways and therapeutic modalities. METHODS: The authors conducted a narrative literature review by searching for ‘multiple sclerosis’ and the specific movement disorder on PubMed until October 2021. Relevant articles were screened, selected, and included in the review according to groups of movement disorders. RESULTS: The most prevalent movement disorders described in MS include restless leg syndrome, tremor, ataxia, parkinsonism, paroxysmal dyskinesias, chorea and ballism, facial myokymia, including hemifacial spasm and spastic paretic hemifacial contracture, tics, and tourettism. The anatomical basis of some of these disorders is poorly understood; however, the link between them and MS is supported by clinical and neuroimaging evidence. Treatment options are disorder-specific and often multidisciplinary, including pharmacological, surgical, and physical therapies. DISCUSSION: Movements disorders in MS involve multiple pathophysiological processes and anatomical pathways. Since these disorders can be the presenting symptoms, they may aid in early diagnosis and managing the patient, including monitoring disease progression. Treatment of these disorders is a challenge. Further work needs to be done to understand the prevalence and the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for movement disorders in MS. Ubiquity Press 2022-05-04 /pmc/articles/PMC9075048/ /pubmed/35601204 http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/tohm.671 Text en Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Review
Ghosh, Ritwik
Roy, Dipayan
Dubey, Souvik
Das, Shambaditya
Benito-León, Julián
Movement Disorders in Multiple Sclerosis: An Update
title Movement Disorders in Multiple Sclerosis: An Update
title_full Movement Disorders in Multiple Sclerosis: An Update
title_fullStr Movement Disorders in Multiple Sclerosis: An Update
title_full_unstemmed Movement Disorders in Multiple Sclerosis: An Update
title_short Movement Disorders in Multiple Sclerosis: An Update
title_sort movement disorders in multiple sclerosis: an update
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9075048/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35601204
http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/tohm.671
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