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Detachment mechanism and reduced evaporation of an evaporative NaCl salt crust
Salt crusts forming at the surface of a porous medium are commonly observed in nature as well as on building materials and pieces of our cultural heritage where they represent a risk for the supporting substrate integrity. Previous research indicates that the salt crust can detach from the porous su...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9076668/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35523854 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-11541-w |
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author | Licsandru, G. Noiriel, C. Geoffroy, S. Abou-Chakra, A. Duru, P. Prat, M. |
author_facet | Licsandru, G. Noiriel, C. Geoffroy, S. Abou-Chakra, A. Duru, P. Prat, M. |
author_sort | Licsandru, G. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Salt crusts forming at the surface of a porous medium are commonly observed in nature as well as on building materials and pieces of our cultural heritage where they represent a risk for the supporting substrate integrity. Previous research indicates that the salt crust can detach from the porous substrate and severely reduces the evaporation. However, the current understanding of the detachment mechanisms and the reduced evaporation is very limited. In the present experiment, we evidence dissolution–precipitation processes as key mechanisms in the detachment process. We also show that the crust remains wet and the observed reduced evaporation is explained by the formation of tiny pores in the nanometer range and the Kelvin effect. The resulting crust permeability is very low. Combined with previous results, this shows that the crust permeability is highly dependent on the crust formation conditions. More generally, salt structures in a water vapor concentration gradient are shown to be self-propelled systems capable to carry small objects such as, for instance, soil particles. Our study has significance for understanding the impact of salt crusts on evaporation and the associated important phenomena, such as soil salinization and porous material degradation inherent to salt crystallization. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9076668 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90766682022-05-08 Detachment mechanism and reduced evaporation of an evaporative NaCl salt crust Licsandru, G. Noiriel, C. Geoffroy, S. Abou-Chakra, A. Duru, P. Prat, M. Sci Rep Article Salt crusts forming at the surface of a porous medium are commonly observed in nature as well as on building materials and pieces of our cultural heritage where they represent a risk for the supporting substrate integrity. Previous research indicates that the salt crust can detach from the porous substrate and severely reduces the evaporation. However, the current understanding of the detachment mechanisms and the reduced evaporation is very limited. In the present experiment, we evidence dissolution–precipitation processes as key mechanisms in the detachment process. We also show that the crust remains wet and the observed reduced evaporation is explained by the formation of tiny pores in the nanometer range and the Kelvin effect. The resulting crust permeability is very low. Combined with previous results, this shows that the crust permeability is highly dependent on the crust formation conditions. More generally, salt structures in a water vapor concentration gradient are shown to be self-propelled systems capable to carry small objects such as, for instance, soil particles. Our study has significance for understanding the impact of salt crusts on evaporation and the associated important phenomena, such as soil salinization and porous material degradation inherent to salt crystallization. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-05-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9076668/ /pubmed/35523854 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-11541-w Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Licsandru, G. Noiriel, C. Geoffroy, S. Abou-Chakra, A. Duru, P. Prat, M. Detachment mechanism and reduced evaporation of an evaporative NaCl salt crust |
title | Detachment mechanism and reduced evaporation of an evaporative NaCl salt crust |
title_full | Detachment mechanism and reduced evaporation of an evaporative NaCl salt crust |
title_fullStr | Detachment mechanism and reduced evaporation of an evaporative NaCl salt crust |
title_full_unstemmed | Detachment mechanism and reduced evaporation of an evaporative NaCl salt crust |
title_short | Detachment mechanism and reduced evaporation of an evaporative NaCl salt crust |
title_sort | detachment mechanism and reduced evaporation of an evaporative nacl salt crust |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9076668/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35523854 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-11541-w |
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