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Optimization of lithium content in LiFePO(4) for superior electrochemical performance: the role of impurities

Carbon coated Li(x)FePO(4) samples with systematically varying Li-content (x = 1, 1.02, 1.05, 1.10) have been synthesized via a sol–gel route. The Li : Fe ratios for the as-synthesized samples is found to vary from ∼0.96 : 1 to 1.16 : 1 as determined by the proton induced gamma emission (PIGE) techn...

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Autores principales: Halankar, Kruti K., Mandal, B. P., Jangid, Manoj K., Mukhopadhyay, A., Meena, Sher Singh, Acharya, R., Tyagi, A. K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9076985/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35538980
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra10112k
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author Halankar, Kruti K.
Mandal, B. P.
Jangid, Manoj K.
Mukhopadhyay, A.
Meena, Sher Singh
Acharya, R.
Tyagi, A. K.
author_facet Halankar, Kruti K.
Mandal, B. P.
Jangid, Manoj K.
Mukhopadhyay, A.
Meena, Sher Singh
Acharya, R.
Tyagi, A. K.
author_sort Halankar, Kruti K.
collection PubMed
description Carbon coated Li(x)FePO(4) samples with systematically varying Li-content (x = 1, 1.02, 1.05, 1.10) have been synthesized via a sol–gel route. The Li : Fe ratios for the as-synthesized samples is found to vary from ∼0.96 : 1 to 1.16 : 1 as determined by the proton induced gamma emission (PIGE) technique (for Li) and ICP-OES (for Fe). According to Mössbauer spectroscopy, sample Li(1.05)FePO(4) has the highest content (i.e., ∼91.5%) of the actual electroactive phase (viz., crystalline LiFePO(4)), followed by samples Li(1.02)FePO(4), Li(1.1)FePO(4) and LiFePO(4); with the remaining content being primarily Fe-containing impurities, including a conducting FeP phase in samples Li(1.02)FePO(4) and Li(1.05)FePO(4). Electrodes based on sample Li(1.05)FePO(4) show the best electrochemical performance in all aspects, retaining ∼150 mA h g(−1) after 100 charge/discharge cycles at C/2, followed by sample Li(1.02)FePO(4) (∼140 mA h g(−1)), LiFePO(4) (∼120 mA h g(−1)) and Li(1.10)FePO(4) (∼115 mA h g(−1)). Furthermore, the electrodes based on sample Li(1.05)FePO(4) retain ∼107 mA h g(−1) even at a high current density of 5C. Impedance spectra indicate that electrodes based on sample Li(1.05)FePO(4) possess the least charge transfer resistance, plausibly having influence from the compositional aspects. This low charge transfer resistance is partially responsible for the superior electrochemical behavior of that specific composition.
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spelling pubmed-90769852022-05-09 Optimization of lithium content in LiFePO(4) for superior electrochemical performance: the role of impurities Halankar, Kruti K. Mandal, B. P. Jangid, Manoj K. Mukhopadhyay, A. Meena, Sher Singh Acharya, R. Tyagi, A. K. RSC Adv Chemistry Carbon coated Li(x)FePO(4) samples with systematically varying Li-content (x = 1, 1.02, 1.05, 1.10) have been synthesized via a sol–gel route. The Li : Fe ratios for the as-synthesized samples is found to vary from ∼0.96 : 1 to 1.16 : 1 as determined by the proton induced gamma emission (PIGE) technique (for Li) and ICP-OES (for Fe). According to Mössbauer spectroscopy, sample Li(1.05)FePO(4) has the highest content (i.e., ∼91.5%) of the actual electroactive phase (viz., crystalline LiFePO(4)), followed by samples Li(1.02)FePO(4), Li(1.1)FePO(4) and LiFePO(4); with the remaining content being primarily Fe-containing impurities, including a conducting FeP phase in samples Li(1.02)FePO(4) and Li(1.05)FePO(4). Electrodes based on sample Li(1.05)FePO(4) show the best electrochemical performance in all aspects, retaining ∼150 mA h g(−1) after 100 charge/discharge cycles at C/2, followed by sample Li(1.02)FePO(4) (∼140 mA h g(−1)), LiFePO(4) (∼120 mA h g(−1)) and Li(1.10)FePO(4) (∼115 mA h g(−1)). Furthermore, the electrodes based on sample Li(1.05)FePO(4) retain ∼107 mA h g(−1) even at a high current density of 5C. Impedance spectra indicate that electrodes based on sample Li(1.05)FePO(4) possess the least charge transfer resistance, plausibly having influence from the compositional aspects. This low charge transfer resistance is partially responsible for the superior electrochemical behavior of that specific composition. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018-01-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9076985/ /pubmed/35538980 http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra10112k Text en This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
spellingShingle Chemistry
Halankar, Kruti K.
Mandal, B. P.
Jangid, Manoj K.
Mukhopadhyay, A.
Meena, Sher Singh
Acharya, R.
Tyagi, A. K.
Optimization of lithium content in LiFePO(4) for superior electrochemical performance: the role of impurities
title Optimization of lithium content in LiFePO(4) for superior electrochemical performance: the role of impurities
title_full Optimization of lithium content in LiFePO(4) for superior electrochemical performance: the role of impurities
title_fullStr Optimization of lithium content in LiFePO(4) for superior electrochemical performance: the role of impurities
title_full_unstemmed Optimization of lithium content in LiFePO(4) for superior electrochemical performance: the role of impurities
title_short Optimization of lithium content in LiFePO(4) for superior electrochemical performance: the role of impurities
title_sort optimization of lithium content in lifepo(4) for superior electrochemical performance: the role of impurities
topic Chemistry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9076985/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35538980
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra10112k
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