Cargando…
Optimization of lithium content in LiFePO(4) for superior electrochemical performance: the role of impurities
Carbon coated Li(x)FePO(4) samples with systematically varying Li-content (x = 1, 1.02, 1.05, 1.10) have been synthesized via a sol–gel route. The Li : Fe ratios for the as-synthesized samples is found to vary from ∼0.96 : 1 to 1.16 : 1 as determined by the proton induced gamma emission (PIGE) techn...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Royal Society of Chemistry
2018
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9076985/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35538980 http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra10112k |
_version_ | 1784702047250022400 |
---|---|
author | Halankar, Kruti K. Mandal, B. P. Jangid, Manoj K. Mukhopadhyay, A. Meena, Sher Singh Acharya, R. Tyagi, A. K. |
author_facet | Halankar, Kruti K. Mandal, B. P. Jangid, Manoj K. Mukhopadhyay, A. Meena, Sher Singh Acharya, R. Tyagi, A. K. |
author_sort | Halankar, Kruti K. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Carbon coated Li(x)FePO(4) samples with systematically varying Li-content (x = 1, 1.02, 1.05, 1.10) have been synthesized via a sol–gel route. The Li : Fe ratios for the as-synthesized samples is found to vary from ∼0.96 : 1 to 1.16 : 1 as determined by the proton induced gamma emission (PIGE) technique (for Li) and ICP-OES (for Fe). According to Mössbauer spectroscopy, sample Li(1.05)FePO(4) has the highest content (i.e., ∼91.5%) of the actual electroactive phase (viz., crystalline LiFePO(4)), followed by samples Li(1.02)FePO(4), Li(1.1)FePO(4) and LiFePO(4); with the remaining content being primarily Fe-containing impurities, including a conducting FeP phase in samples Li(1.02)FePO(4) and Li(1.05)FePO(4). Electrodes based on sample Li(1.05)FePO(4) show the best electrochemical performance in all aspects, retaining ∼150 mA h g(−1) after 100 charge/discharge cycles at C/2, followed by sample Li(1.02)FePO(4) (∼140 mA h g(−1)), LiFePO(4) (∼120 mA h g(−1)) and Li(1.10)FePO(4) (∼115 mA h g(−1)). Furthermore, the electrodes based on sample Li(1.05)FePO(4) retain ∼107 mA h g(−1) even at a high current density of 5C. Impedance spectra indicate that electrodes based on sample Li(1.05)FePO(4) possess the least charge transfer resistance, plausibly having influence from the compositional aspects. This low charge transfer resistance is partially responsible for the superior electrochemical behavior of that specific composition. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9076985 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | The Royal Society of Chemistry |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90769852022-05-09 Optimization of lithium content in LiFePO(4) for superior electrochemical performance: the role of impurities Halankar, Kruti K. Mandal, B. P. Jangid, Manoj K. Mukhopadhyay, A. Meena, Sher Singh Acharya, R. Tyagi, A. K. RSC Adv Chemistry Carbon coated Li(x)FePO(4) samples with systematically varying Li-content (x = 1, 1.02, 1.05, 1.10) have been synthesized via a sol–gel route. The Li : Fe ratios for the as-synthesized samples is found to vary from ∼0.96 : 1 to 1.16 : 1 as determined by the proton induced gamma emission (PIGE) technique (for Li) and ICP-OES (for Fe). According to Mössbauer spectroscopy, sample Li(1.05)FePO(4) has the highest content (i.e., ∼91.5%) of the actual electroactive phase (viz., crystalline LiFePO(4)), followed by samples Li(1.02)FePO(4), Li(1.1)FePO(4) and LiFePO(4); with the remaining content being primarily Fe-containing impurities, including a conducting FeP phase in samples Li(1.02)FePO(4) and Li(1.05)FePO(4). Electrodes based on sample Li(1.05)FePO(4) show the best electrochemical performance in all aspects, retaining ∼150 mA h g(−1) after 100 charge/discharge cycles at C/2, followed by sample Li(1.02)FePO(4) (∼140 mA h g(−1)), LiFePO(4) (∼120 mA h g(−1)) and Li(1.10)FePO(4) (∼115 mA h g(−1)). Furthermore, the electrodes based on sample Li(1.05)FePO(4) retain ∼107 mA h g(−1) even at a high current density of 5C. Impedance spectra indicate that electrodes based on sample Li(1.05)FePO(4) possess the least charge transfer resistance, plausibly having influence from the compositional aspects. This low charge transfer resistance is partially responsible for the superior electrochemical behavior of that specific composition. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018-01-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9076985/ /pubmed/35538980 http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra10112k Text en This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ |
spellingShingle | Chemistry Halankar, Kruti K. Mandal, B. P. Jangid, Manoj K. Mukhopadhyay, A. Meena, Sher Singh Acharya, R. Tyagi, A. K. Optimization of lithium content in LiFePO(4) for superior electrochemical performance: the role of impurities |
title | Optimization of lithium content in LiFePO(4) for superior electrochemical performance: the role of impurities |
title_full | Optimization of lithium content in LiFePO(4) for superior electrochemical performance: the role of impurities |
title_fullStr | Optimization of lithium content in LiFePO(4) for superior electrochemical performance: the role of impurities |
title_full_unstemmed | Optimization of lithium content in LiFePO(4) for superior electrochemical performance: the role of impurities |
title_short | Optimization of lithium content in LiFePO(4) for superior electrochemical performance: the role of impurities |
title_sort | optimization of lithium content in lifepo(4) for superior electrochemical performance: the role of impurities |
topic | Chemistry |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9076985/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35538980 http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra10112k |
work_keys_str_mv | AT halankarkrutik optimizationoflithiumcontentinlifepo4forsuperiorelectrochemicalperformancetheroleofimpurities AT mandalbp optimizationoflithiumcontentinlifepo4forsuperiorelectrochemicalperformancetheroleofimpurities AT jangidmanojk optimizationoflithiumcontentinlifepo4forsuperiorelectrochemicalperformancetheroleofimpurities AT mukhopadhyaya optimizationoflithiumcontentinlifepo4forsuperiorelectrochemicalperformancetheroleofimpurities AT meenashersingh optimizationoflithiumcontentinlifepo4forsuperiorelectrochemicalperformancetheroleofimpurities AT acharyar optimizationoflithiumcontentinlifepo4forsuperiorelectrochemicalperformancetheroleofimpurities AT tyagiak optimizationoflithiumcontentinlifepo4forsuperiorelectrochemicalperformancetheroleofimpurities |