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Symbiont transmission in marine sponges: reproduction, development, and metamorphosis

Marine sponges (phylum Porifera) form symbioses with diverse microbial communities that can be transmitted between generations through their developmental stages. Here, we integrate embryology and microbiology to review how symbiotic microorganisms are transmitted in this early-diverging lineage. We...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Carrier, Tyler J., Maldonado, Manuel, Schmittmann, Lara, Pita, Lucía, Bosch, Thomas C. G., Hentschel, Ute
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9077847/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35524305
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12915-022-01291-6
Descripción
Sumario:Marine sponges (phylum Porifera) form symbioses with diverse microbial communities that can be transmitted between generations through their developmental stages. Here, we integrate embryology and microbiology to review how symbiotic microorganisms are transmitted in this early-diverging lineage. We describe that vertical transmission is widespread but not universal, that microbes are vertically transmitted during a select developmental window, and that properties of the developmental microbiome depends on whether a species is a high or low microbial abundance sponge. Reproduction, development, and symbiosis are thus deeply rooted, but why these partnerships form remains the central and elusive tenet of these developmental symbioses. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12915-022-01291-6.