Quality of Evidence Supporting the Effects of Tai Chi Exercise on Essential Hypertension: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses

OBJECTIVES: Tai Chi (TC) is a potential complementary treatment for essential hypertension (EH). This overview systematically summarizes and evaluates the existing evidence of TC in the therapy of EH. METHODS: Systematic reviews (SRs)/meta-analyses (MAs) on TC interventions for EH were comprehensively searched in seven databases. Methodological quality, risk of bias, reporting quality, and quality of evidence were assessed by means of the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2), the Risk of Bias in Systematic (ROBIS) scale, the list of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA), as well as the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. RESULTS: Twelve published SRs/MAs were included in our study. According to the results of the AMSTAR-2, ROBIS, PRISMA, and GRADE assessment, only 1 SR/MA was assessed as high quality and only 1 SR/MA was assessed as low risk of bias. Only 2 SRs/MAs have been fully reported on the checklist. In addition to that, the quality of evidence was assessed for a total of 69 outcome indicators extracted from the SRs/MAs included in this overview, and only 3 items were assessed as high quality. CONCLUSIONS: TC may be an effective and safe complementary treatment for EH. However, this conclusion must be approached with caution, as the quality of the evidence provided by the SRs/MAs is usually low.