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Emotional and cognitive changes in chronic kidney disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to cognitive impairment and emotional changes. However, the precise mechanism underlying the crosstalk between the kidneys and the nervous system is not fully understood. Inflammation and cerebrovascular disease can influence the development of depression in CKD. C...

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Autores principales: Kim, Duk-Soo, Kim, Seong-Wook, Gil, Hyo-Wook
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Korean Association of Internal Medicine 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9082446/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35249316
http://dx.doi.org/10.3904/kjim.2021.492
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author Kim, Duk-Soo
Kim, Seong-Wook
Gil, Hyo-Wook
author_facet Kim, Duk-Soo
Kim, Seong-Wook
Gil, Hyo-Wook
author_sort Kim, Duk-Soo
collection PubMed
description Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to cognitive impairment and emotional changes. However, the precise mechanism underlying the crosstalk between the kidneys and the nervous system is not fully understood. Inflammation and cerebrovascular disease can influence the development of depression in CKD. CKD is one of the strongest risk factors for cognitive impairment. Moreover, cognitive impairment occurs in CKD as patients experience the dysregulation of several brain functional domains due to damage caused to multiple cortical regions and to subcortical modulatory neurons. The differences in structural brain changes between CKD and non-CKD dementia may be attributable to the different mechanisms that occur in CKD. The kidney and brain have similar anatomical vascular systems, which may be susceptible to traditional risk factors. Vascular factors are assumed to be involved in the development of cognitive impairment in patients with CKD. Vascular injury induces white matter lesions, silent infarction, and microbleeds. Uremic toxins may also be directly related to cognitive impairment in CKD. Many uremic toxins, such as indoxyl sulfate, are likely to have an impact on the central nervous system. Further studies are required to identify therapeutic targets to prevent changes in the brain in patients with CKD.
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spelling pubmed-90824462022-05-17 Emotional and cognitive changes in chronic kidney disease Kim, Duk-Soo Kim, Seong-Wook Gil, Hyo-Wook Korean J Intern Med Review Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to cognitive impairment and emotional changes. However, the precise mechanism underlying the crosstalk between the kidneys and the nervous system is not fully understood. Inflammation and cerebrovascular disease can influence the development of depression in CKD. CKD is one of the strongest risk factors for cognitive impairment. Moreover, cognitive impairment occurs in CKD as patients experience the dysregulation of several brain functional domains due to damage caused to multiple cortical regions and to subcortical modulatory neurons. The differences in structural brain changes between CKD and non-CKD dementia may be attributable to the different mechanisms that occur in CKD. The kidney and brain have similar anatomical vascular systems, which may be susceptible to traditional risk factors. Vascular factors are assumed to be involved in the development of cognitive impairment in patients with CKD. Vascular injury induces white matter lesions, silent infarction, and microbleeds. Uremic toxins may also be directly related to cognitive impairment in CKD. Many uremic toxins, such as indoxyl sulfate, are likely to have an impact on the central nervous system. Further studies are required to identify therapeutic targets to prevent changes in the brain in patients with CKD. Korean Association of Internal Medicine 2022-05 2022-03-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9082446/ /pubmed/35249316 http://dx.doi.org/10.3904/kjim.2021.492 Text en Copyright © 2022 The Korean Association of Internal Medicine https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) ) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
Kim, Duk-Soo
Kim, Seong-Wook
Gil, Hyo-Wook
Emotional and cognitive changes in chronic kidney disease
title Emotional and cognitive changes in chronic kidney disease
title_full Emotional and cognitive changes in chronic kidney disease
title_fullStr Emotional and cognitive changes in chronic kidney disease
title_full_unstemmed Emotional and cognitive changes in chronic kidney disease
title_short Emotional and cognitive changes in chronic kidney disease
title_sort emotional and cognitive changes in chronic kidney disease
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9082446/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35249316
http://dx.doi.org/10.3904/kjim.2021.492
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