MoS(2) formation induced by amorphous MoS(3) species under lubricated friction

Amide molybdate has been recently introduced as a friction modifier for tribological applications. Combined with zinc dithiophosphate (ZDDP) and fatty amines, it provides an ultralow friction coefficient. The ultimate product of Mo compound transformations in tribological contact, due to frictional heating and shearing, as well as chemical interactions with oil additives, is molybdenum sulfide (MoS(2)). Understanding the decomposition of amide molybdate leading to MoS(2) is of primary importance to the optimization of the design of lubricant formulations. This study focuses on the investigation by Raman spectroscopy of amide molybdate decomposition intermediates. Raman spectra of tribofilms, obtained after friction tests under different temperatures and pressures, revealed the formation of an amorphous MoS(3) intermediate coexisting with MoS(2). However, under severe conditions, the tribofilms are mostly composed of MoS(2).